Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Akhmatova FD, Kurbatova ZYu, Aronov LS, Galachieva SKh, Mokhov AE, Chukaeva II

The article presents the data from population studies that show the role of the coronary calcium in the predicting of acute coronary events in patients with various cardiovascular risks. In accordance with international guidelines it is paid special attention to the assessment of coronary calcification in the group with moderate cardiovascular risk. On the example of the patient with acute myocardial infarction it is discussed the influence of the values of coronary calcium on the development of acute coronary syndrome. This clinical case demonstrates that the high risk of acute myocardial infarction is maintained even in the absence of the majority of traditional risk factors.

Received: 2013-02-25

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4575

Orlova NV, Karseldze ND, Kuzmenkova LV, Limonchikova OV, Mushtaeva TA, Vasilyeva NE, Sapozhnikov SA, Chukaeva II

The objective of the study was to assess the effect of perindopril treatment on parameters of circadian blood pressure monitoring. The study included 40 patients with newly diagnosed hypertension I–II degree (40–60 years old). Patients underwent monitoring of blood pressure, pulse wave velocity determination. The perindopril therapy showed the reduction in average circadian blood pressure, pulse blood pressure and variability in systolic blood pressure. It was concluded that perindopril monotherapy is effective in patients with newly diagnosed arterial hypertension I–II degree.

Received: 2013-02-25

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4532

Polunina NV, Kurtser MA, Kutakova YuYu, Chemezov AS, Cherepnina AL

The program to support pregnant women with adverse medical and social factors was developed. The urgency of the problem was due to the increasing levels of somatic diseases in pregnant women, as well as the number of socially disadvantaged pregnant women suffering from drug addiction, alcoholism, HIV-infection and tuberculosis in Moscow. Due to the increased level of women with medical co-morbiditis, narcomania, alcoholism, HIV-infection, tuberculosis it was developed the program aimed to support women with complicated pregnancy. There were examined 153 pregnant women with above-mentioned risk factors. In the main group of women doing all the recommendations of doctors under the proposed program, during pregnancy, intranatal period and perinatal outcomes were more favourable than those of the control group of patients who did not comply in full the recommendations received.

Received: 2012-07-09

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4584

Beloglazova IP, Mogutova PA, Poteshkina NG

The aim of the study was to estimate sodium intake (SI) level and to study the association between SI and heart geometry data in hypertensive patients. 49 hypertensive patients and 13 volunteers without cardiovascular diseases were examined. It was shown that SI is higher than the minimum level recommended by the WHO and the Russian Federation. A direct relationship between SI and heart geometry data in hypertensive patients and volunteers was proved. It was confirmed that the formation of hypertrophic processes implemented through the mechanisms of hemodynamic and non-hemodynamic factors.

Received: 2012-11-12

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 5087

Demidova IYu, Boeva VV

The aim is to study the influence of lifestyle modification and metformin in the early stages of carbohydrate metabolism — namely, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), the process of conversion of IFG in impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus type 2. 1136 people were examined. In order to diagnose the state of carbohydrate metabolism 494 subjects with risk factors for type 2 diabetes took an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 75 g of glucose. Among the 1136 people examined carbohydrate metabolism disorders were detected in 210 (18.5 %). All patients with IFG (n = 90) in the absence of contraindications were given metformin. Normalization of carbohydrate metabolism in 49.4 % (2008) and 60.9 % (2009) of cases among individuals with IFG, confirmed by OGTT with 75 g glucose, demonstrates the need for lifestyle modification and metformin to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes.

Received: 2012-11-26

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 5306

Roytberg GE, Dorosh JV, Aksenov EV, Sharkhun OO, Ushakova TI

The healthy patients (50 women and 42 men) with different genotypes of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene were studied. The influence of ACE gene l/D polymorphism on the insulin resistance progression was evaluated. The 5-year probability estimation of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in patients with different ACE gene genotypes was done. It was revealed that the most part of DD genotype patients had a latent hyperinsulinemia. The subjects with II genotype were more resistant to carbohydrate metabolism disorders, rather than DD genotype subjects. It was shown that the risk of all carbohydrate metabolism disorders was 3.9 times higher in DD vs. II genotype groups with a 95 % confidence interval from 1.06 to 14.3 (p = 0.041).

Received: 2012-10-17

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 5106

Tereshina EV, Pletneva OP, Yurina TM

Investigations of lipid and glucose metabolism in the frequency of the three types of dislipidemia, hyperinsulinemia and type 2 diabetes were held in the people aged 45–100 years. It was shown that the best prognosis for long living up to 90 years had those with normal lipid indices and women with hypercholesterolemia. Triglycerides metabolism disturbances in the aged men strikingly influence their longevity. The gender differences in the development of glucose metabolism disorders in various types of dislipidemias were revealed. It was proposed free fatty acids blood level to be a metabolic marker of aging.

Received: 2012-07-02

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 5211

Shapovaliants SG, Larichev SE, Zhitareva IV, Babkova IV, Safarov AN

To improve the results of treatment of acute adhesive small bowel obstruction there was formulated and developed a new method for the diagnosis of a strangulation form of obstruction, based on the prognostic evaluation of routine clinical, laboratory and instrumental data. Retrospective analysis and estimation of the results of treatment of 274 patients with acute adhesive small bowel obstruction were performed. As a result of the comparative analysis of the two groups of patients — with obstructive (group 1 — 208 patients (75.9 %)) and strangulation (group 2 — 66 patients (24.1 %)) forms of obstruction there were identified 10 criteria and developed a predictive system which allowed to differentiate the form of the disease. With heterogeneous sequential analysis for each of the resulting diagnostic criteria there were calculated ratios and assigned points according to its differential diagnostic significance. As a result, there were identified three prognostic groups of patients — with high, medium and low risk of strangulation. System efficiency was 89.8 %.

Received: 2012-11-26

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 5115