Investigations of lipid and glucose metabolism in the frequency of the three types of dislipidemia, hyperinsulinemia and type 2 diabetes were held in the people aged 45–100 years. It was shown that the best prognosis for long living up to 90 years had those with normal lipid indices and women with hypercholesterolemia. Triglycerides metabolism disturbances in the aged men strikingly influence their longevity. The gender differences in the development of glucose metabolism disorders in various types of dislipidemias were revealed. It was proposed free fatty acids blood level to be a metabolic marker of aging.