ISSN Print 2500–1094    ISSN Online 2542–1204
Bulletin of RSMU
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)
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Opinion Modern tumor imaging models for rodents: potential and prospects in translational medicine
Fadeeva AA, Osipova ZM, Chepurnykh TV, Myshkina NM
Rodent neoplastic process models are extensively used in pre-clinical practice to assess the dynamics of tumor development and test anti-cancer drugs, which ensures flexibility of choosing both basic and advanced personalized tumor development models for researchers. Various modern model tumor imaging methods are considered, including fluorescence and bioluminescence imaging, which enable comprehensive assessment, from qualitative evaluation to in vivo monitoring. We believe that the development of autonomous bioluminescent systems in mammalian cells will provide new possibilities for noninvasive imaging of animal physiological processes, including long-term monitoring of tumor progression.
Received: 2025-03-04
Published online: 2025-03-27
DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.015
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Original research PD1 expression in immune cells within the tumor microenvironment of patients with non-small cell and small cell lung cancer
Kalinchuk AYu, Tsarenkova EA, Loos DM, Mokh AA, Rodionov EO, Miller SV, Grigoryeva ES, Tashireva LA
The clinical significance of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of lung cancer, particularly in the context of immunotherapy, remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate PD-1 expression in tumor-infiltrating immune cells and its association with clinical outcomes in lung cancer patients. In a study of 20 patients (17 men and three women, average age 56 ± 6.9 years) with lung cancer, four key immune cell populations involved in the immunotherapy response were analyzed using multiplexed in situ immunofluorescence. The focus was on PD-1 expression patterns and their correlation with progression-free survival (PFS). Our findings revealed that PD-1 expression was predominantly observed on CD8+ lymphocytes, albeit at low levels (~5%), suggesting a state of T-cell exhaustion. Notably, PD-1-expressing immune cells were rare in both non-small-cell and small-cell lung cancer microenvironments, indicating that most immune cells remain functionally active. This deficit of PD-1+ cells may explain the limited therapeutic efficacy of antiPD-1 antibodies. Furthermore, we identified CD20+ B-cell infiltration as an independent predictor of poorer PFS (HR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.02–0.65, p = 0.0454), highlighting a previously underappreciated role of B cells in lung cancer progression. Additionally, the presence of distant metastases (stage M1), a high proportion of PD-1+CD163+ macrophages, and a low proportion of PD-1+FoxP3+ lymphocytes were associated with shorter PFS, underscoring the complex interplay between immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory cell populations in the TME. These findings suggest that PD-1-expressing immune subsets, particularly cytotoxic lymphocytes and regulatory T cells, may serve as prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets.
Received: 2025-03-04
Published online: 2025-03-24
DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.014
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VIEWS 71
Editorial Erratum
In issue 6 (November–December 2024) of the Bulletin of RSMU a few errors were made: https://vestnik.rsmu.press/archive/2024/6/18/abstract?lang=en Aktanova AA, Bykova MV, Skachkov IP, Denisova VV, Pashkina EAImpact of tumor on the cell cycle and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cellsBulletin of RSMU. 2024; (6): 27–33. DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.065            The following corrections should be applied:   Published text: p. 27, item “Funding” Funding: the study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 23–25-10099. Correction: Funding: the study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation in cooperation with the Government of the Novosibirsk Region, project No. 23–25-10099.   Published text:                                                                                          с. 29, пункт "Финансирование" Финансирование: исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского Научного Фонда, проект № 23–25-10099. Correction:  Финансирование: исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского Научного Фонда совместно с Правительством Новосибирской области, проект № 23–25-10099.
Received: 2024-12-02
Published online: 2025-03-12
DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.013
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VIEWS 137
Original research Cognitive correlates of deception recognition in the elderly and seniors
Petrash EA, Lisichkina AA, Karpenko AS, Nikishina VB, Polonets AI
The relevance of the proposed study is due to the need to find solutions in reducing the vulnerability of elderly and seniors to deception and fraudulent actions. The purpose of the study is to assess the cognitive correlates of deception recognition in the elderly and seniors. The sample size was 87 elderly and senile subjects (60–89 years old) — 38 men and 49 women. Research methods: MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment); Sally–Anne test; Pragmatic intervention short stories Winner's Task; experimental method Read the Mind in the eye (RMET); Dembo–Rubinstein self-esteem scale; trust self-esteem scale. Based on the findings of the study, the cognitive correlates of deception recognition in the elderly and seniors were identified. It is reliably found that with age, as ageing progresses regardless of education level, there is a decline in cognitive level, which, in general, is natural in the process of normative ageing. These changes lead to a decrease in the level of understanding of the mental model, which in turn makes it more difficult to recognise emotions and increase trust. The empirical study supported the hypothesis that there is a correlation between cognitive level and the ability to recognise deception. The lower the general cognitive level, the worse the deception is recognised and the more trusting a person becomes.
Received: 2025-02-13
Published online: 2025-02-28
DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.010
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Original research Impact of tumor on the cell cycle and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells
Aktanova AA, Bykova MV, Skachkov IP, Denisova VV, Pashkina EA
Today, there is a theory that proliferative potential of hematopoietic stem cells is depleted, and the balance of committed precursor cells shifts towards suppressors during the development of cancer. However, differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells can vary depending on the tumor type, localization, and microenvironment specifics. The study aimed to assess the impact of tumors of various origins on the CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (n = 10). Assessment of the cell cycle and cell differentiation via both direct contact with the tumor and exchanging humoral factors only in transwells was conducted by flow cytometry. In the co-culture with К562, the number of hematopoietic stem cells being in their synthesis phase was 2.1%, while in the control it was 11.2% (p = 0.01); in the co-culture with SK-mel37, the number of hematopoietic stem cells being in the G2‒M cell cycle phase was reduced to 0.3% (p < 0.05). 1301 and К562 directed the hematopoietic stem cell differentiation towards granulocyte-macrophage precursor cells (p < 0.05), while 1301 and SK-mel37 directed it towards common multipotent progenitor cells. It is interesting that the number of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells significantly increased (2-fold) compared to control after incubation with К562 in transwells (24.17% and 10.19%, respectively). Thus, properties of hematopoietic stem cells can vary depending on both tumor type and the way of interacting with these cells.
Received: 2024-12-02
Published online: 2024-12-27
DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.065
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VIEWS 978
Method Designing of custom barcodes for sequencing on the MGI platform
Shmitko AO, Bulusheva IA, Vasiliadis YuA, Suchalko ON, Syrko DS, Belova VA, Pavlova AS, Korostin DO
The MGI (MGI Tech Co. Ltd., China) next-generation sequencing platform, including the DNBSEQ-G50, -G400, and -T7 sequencers, is being actively adopted in research. Despite its widespread adoption, challenges persist in the form of limitations associated with the manufacturer's provided barcode set for library preparation. These limitations include constraints on the number of samples that can be concurrently sequenced, compatibility issues with barcodes from diverse or incomplete sets, and restrictions on the sample ratio. Purpose: to develop a universal method that allows sequencing of up to 252 samples simultaneously on a single sequencer lane, while eliminating barcode-related limitations. We proposed a “quad method” that provides 4 or 4n+2 equilibration of barcodes. This paper also delves into its comprehensive analysis, verification procedures, seamless integration into the sequencing process and validation of the method on the DNBSEQ G-400 platform. The quad method showed efficiency and reliability, allowing sequencing of up to 252 samples simultaneously without compromising data quality. The proposed method optimizes library preparation and improves the flexibility of sequencing on the MGI platform.
Received: 2024-08-15
Published online: 2024-10-10
DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.040
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VIEWS 612
Special Project Author's Work
Dear researcher!
At the end of 2015, Bulletin of RSMU saw an important change in its typographic design and content. We formulated new editorial policies and established strict ethical standards for submitted manuscripts in accordance with the guidelines of reputable international bodies. As a result, about a quarter of the submitted works have been rejected, the primary reason being the author trying to submit a previously published article. Sometimes authors believe that by making slight changes to the introduction, excluding a few people from the study, performing a new statistical analysis, and thus obtaining totally new results they will turn their old manuscript into a novel work. That is why we would like to talk about scientific integrity, honesty, plagiarism, and self-plagiarism in our special project “Author’s work”.
Richard FEYNMAN Cargo cult science
American physicist Richard P. Feynman, a Nobel laureate, was always very scrupulous about the quality of a research study. During his commencement address at the California Institute of Technology in 1974, he talked about scientific integrity and honesty and warned young researchers “not to fool” themselves. A must-read for anyone who believes he/she is a true scientist.
Ivan PAVLOV On the Russian mind
In 1918, Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov, a Nobel laureate, delivered two lectures: on the mind in general and the Russian mind in particular; on those mind qualities that determine the success of a research work and on how these qualities are present in the Russian mind. Pavlov's thoughts are an effective vaccine against poor intellectual work.
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