Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Issue 1, 2026

Topic Miscarriage

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Issue 2, 2025

Topic Salivary gland carcinoma

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Issue 3, 2025

Topic Delivery of anti-tumor pharmaceuticals

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Issue 4, 2025

Topic Chronic cerebral ischemia

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Issue 5, 2025

Topic Age-related alterations in the immune system

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Issue 6, 2025

Topic Anxiety and depressive disorders

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New articles

Demin NA, Achkasov EE, Polyaev BA, Shishkin AA, Medvedeva AI, Ostanin OE

Muscular dysfunction of the anterior abdominal wall persists in many patients post component separation due to postoperative ventral hernia. Electrical myostimulation can contribute to better recovery, but its efficacy after such surgical procedures is poorly understood. The study aimed to assess the effect of the postoperative electrical myostimulation on the neuromuscular conduction and functional activity of the rectus abdominis muscles. A total of 128 patients (average age 47.9 ± 8.6 years) post component separation were included in a prospective controlled non-randomized study. The index group (n = 64) received electrical myostimulation starting from day 10 (12 sessions, 5–10 min each, 3 times a week, COMPEX SP-2.0® muscle stimulator, Switzerland), and the control one (n = 64) received no electrical myostimulation. Electroneuromyography of the rectus abdominis muscles was performed before and after the course using the Synapsis system (Neurotech, Russia). In the index group, the latency period reduced from 10.1 to 7.9 ms (by 21.8%; p < 0.001), and in the control group it reduced from 9.7 to 9.2 ms (by 5.2%; p < 0.001); the intergroup difference p = 0.002. The M-response amplitude improved in both groups (index group: from 8.4 to 8.9 mV, +5.6%, p < 0.001; control group: from 8.2 to 8.8 mV, +6.8%, p < 0.001), without any intergroup differences (p = 0.295). The induced muscle contraction velocity changed minimally in the index group (from 45.0 to 45.4 m/s, p = 0.049) and did not change in the control group (p = 0.316); in 89.1% of patients, the values were still below normal. Conclusions: postoperative electrical myostimulation significantly accelerates the neuromuscular conduction restoration, but does not affect the muscular response amplitude. It is reasonable to include electrical myostimulation in rehabilitation programmes.

Received: 2026-03-29

Published online: 2026-04-28

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2026.020

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VIEWS 48

Dzaraeva ZR, Dulaeva AA, Dudaeva LR, Makieva KA, Tsakhilova ZS, Alakhverdieva SS, Sagilaeva KhM, Kurmagomedov MA, Dzhafarov UL

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and obesity enhance systemic inflammation, microcirculation and immune disorders, which can make the course of chronic generalized periodontitis more severe. Comparative assessment of clinical and radiological manifestations of the disease in individuals with these conditions is important for interdisciplinary management of patients. The study aimed to conduct comparative assessment of clinical and radiological manifestations of chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) in obese patients with T2D and those having no somatic disorders. A total of 90 patients with moderate CGP aged 35–60 were assessed, who were stratified into three groups (30 individuals per group) matched for gender and age: without any somatic disorders, with T2D and obesity. OHI-S, SBI, periodontal pocket depth (PPD), сlinical attachment loss (CAL), and radiological signs of bone resorption were assessed; the analysis of correlations with HbA1c, BMI, and lipid profile was conducted. OHI-S was 1.8 ± 0.3 in group I, 2.3 ± 0.4 in group II, and 2.2 ± 0.5 in group III; SBI was 42 ± 9%, 61 ± 11%, and 56 ± 10%, respectively (p < 0.05 for groups II and III compared to group I). PPD and CAL were higher in obese patients with T2D, than in patients having no somatic disorders (p < 0.05), while the differences between groups II and III were non-significant (for PPD p = 0.09). HbA1c levels were correlated to PPD (r = 0.42), CAL (r = 0.39), and SBI (r = 0.36); BMI was correlated to PPD (r = 0.33) and SBI (r = 0.35) (p < 0.05). Thus, T2D and obesity are associated with the more adverse clinical and radiological manifestations of CGP; it is necessary to consider poorer oral hygiene in patients with comorbidities when interpreting intergroup differences.

Received: 2026-03-19

Published online: 2026-04-28

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2026.019

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VIEWS 46

Minasov BSh, Yakupov RR, Akbashev VN, Bilyalov AR, Evgrafov IO, Karimov KK, Minasov IB, Akhmeldinova AA, Salimyanova MR

A chronic periprosthetic infection after knee replacement typically requires two-stage treatment. However, the inter-stage rehabilitation protocol for patients with an articulating spacer has not been adequately developed. This study aimed to determine whether adding interactive biofeedback walking training on the Walker View treadmill enhances the effectiveness of a standard recovery program following the first stage of two-stage revision treatment. The prospective randomized controlled trial included 87 patients who had undergone removal of their endoprostheses and placement of articulating spacers. The treatment group (n = 43) had the standard 21-day rehabilitation program combined with Walker View sessions, while the control group (n = 44) only followed the program. We assessed knee joint movement volume, quadriceps EMG amplitude, stride length, walking speed, postural stability, and SF-36, WOMAC, and KSS scores. By the end of the rehabilitation course, the results registered in the treatment group were better than in the control group: flexion — 78 ± 6° versus 71 ± 7° (p = 0.01); EMG amplitude — 179 ± 16 versus 165 ± 16 μV (p = 0.01); step length — 54.2 ± 5.0 versus 49.5 ± 5.0 cm (p = 0.01); walking speed — 0.70 ± 0.05 versus 0.65 ± 0.05 m/s (p = 0.02); overall stability — 80 ± 8% versus 72 ± 7% (p = 0.01); physical component SF-36 — 51 ± 8 versus 47 ± 7 points (p = 0.01). The differences in WOMAC and KSS scores were insignificant (p = 0.06 and p = 0.07). The inclusion of Walker View sessions in the inter-stage rehabilitation program yields more pronounced improvements in mobility, neuromuscular function, walking, and balance restoration.

Received: 2026-03-21

Published online: 2026-04-27

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2026.018

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VIEWS 45

Akkalaev AB, Abdullaeva RR, Aliev MR, Mustafaev RG, Bedoeva AA, Mironova AA, Khugaeva VF, Kadieva LM, Munapova KKh

Systemic osteoporosis is one of the most significant systemic factors capable of worsening bone tissue quality and affect osseointegration of dental implants. The increase in the number of patients of older age groups in need of implant treatment determines high clinical significance of preoperative assessment of the implant bed condition in this category of patients. The study aimed to assess clinical and morphological features of bone tissue in the dental implantation zone in patients with osteoporosis and determine the correlation of those with the primary stability of implants and early marginal bone remodeling. A total of 84 patients aged 55–75 were included in a prospective pilot study, who were planned for implantation in the areas of maxillar and mandibular premolars and molars: 42 with the confirmed systemic osteoporosis and 42 having no signs of osteoporosis. All the patients underwent CBCT with the bone quality and type determination in accordance with the Lekholm and Zarb classification; histological and histo-morphometric analysis of bone biopsy specimens was performed in a subgroup of 32 patients. Primary stability was assessed by the resonance frequency analysis; clinical monitoring was conducted after 2, 6, and 12 months. The D3–D4 type bones were more often found in patients with osteoporosis, along with lower bone density and implant stability quotient (ISQ) values, reduced bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thinning, and increased RANKL/OPG ratio. There was a positive correlation between the BV/TV, radiological bone density, and primary stability of implants. Systemic osteoporosis degrades the implant bed quality, therefore, the implantation protocol personalization and comprehensive preoperative assessment are required.

Received: 2026-03-19

Published online: 2026-04-25

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2026.017

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VIEWS 56

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Popular articles

Bilyalov AR, Chugunov SS, Akhatov ISh, Tikhonov AA, Shangina OR, Pavlov VN, Danilko KV, Galautdinov MF, Akbashev VN

The use of allogenic bone material as a ceramic filler for DLP printing makes it possible to obtain personalized complex-shaped implants combining the matrix biomimetic nature with the additive technology benefits. The study aimed to assess the possibility of using the calcined cortical bone allograft powder as part of photopolymerizable suspension for DLP printing and producing bioceramics with the characteristics comparable to that of synthetic hydroxyapatite by sintering. The bone allograft was subjected to multi-stage specialized treatment involving complete removal of cells with preservation of the intercellular matrix and collagen fiber structure. The calcined medical allograft was crushed, introduced into a photopolymerizable matrix, and used for DLP printing of the samples that were further sintered and analyzed by X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive spectroscopy methods before and after additive production. The sintered material specific gravity was 81.5%, compressive strength — 75.8 MPa, tensile strength — 12 MPa, Young's modulus — 3.08 GPa, and Vickers hardness — 0.55 GPa, which was within the range of values for porous hydroxyapatite. After DLP printing and sintering the sample phase and elemental composition did not change considerably compared to the source calcined material. The calcined bone allograft powder is suitable for preparing photopolymerizable suspensions and subsequent DLP printing of ceramic samples without deteriorating the material phase and chemical stability. The resulting mechanical properties make it possible to consider this allogenic bone material as a promising candidate for production of personalized implants with sophisticated geometry.

Received: 2025-11-03

Published online: 2025-12-18

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.068

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VIEWS 1185

Plotnikova MA, Oleynik VA, Klotchenko SA

Monoclonal antibody therapy is one of the most promising approaches for effective influenza control. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of exogenous mRNA-encoded single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies, which are capable of binding viral antigens inside the cell with high affinity. Two influenza virus proteins, hemagglutinin (antibody FI6) and nucleoprotein (antibody 2/3), were chosen as targets. Each scFv encoded by mRNA was produced in two variants: one containing a signal peptide (SP) to direct secretion into the extracellular space (scFv-SP) and one lacking the signal peptide (scFv-WO) for cytosolic localization and function. These variants showed distinct intracellular localization patterns: scFv-SP localized to regions characteristic of the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex, whereas scFv-WO was distributed diffusely throughout the cytoplasm. mRNAs encoding scFv-FI6-SP, scFv-2/3-SP, and scFv-2/3-WO exhibited antiviral activity against influenza A virus in vitro. The scFv-FI6-SP mRNA showed the strongest antiviral effect, reducing viral load by approximately tenfold compared to the control. For influenza B virus, both scFv-2/3 mRNA variants, with and without the signal peptide, reduced viral load by an average of 50%. These findings highlight the antiviral potential of intracellular antibodies and point to new opportunities for targeting viral components that are not accessible to conventional antiviral therapies.

Received: 2025-11-27

Published online: 2025-12-26

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.077

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VIEWS 1018

Special Project Author's Work

Secrets of a quality research study and a good manuscript

At the end of 2015, Bulletin of RSMU saw an important change in its typographic design and content. We formulated new editorial policies and established strict ethical standards for submitted manuscripts in accordance with the guidelines of reputable international bodies. As a result, about a quarter of the submitted works have been rejected, the primary reason being the author trying to submit a previously published article. Sometimes authors believe that by making slight changes to the introduction, excluding a few people from the study, performing a new statistical analysis, and thus obtaining totally new results they will turn their old manuscript into a novel work. That is why we would like to talk about scientific integrity, honesty, plagiarism, and self-plagiarism in our special project “Author’s work”.

American physicist Richard P. Feynman, a Nobel laureate, was always very scrupulous about the quality of a research study. During his commencement address at the California Institute of Technology in 1974, he talked about scientific integrity and honesty and warned young researchers “not to fool” themselves. A must-read for anyone who believes he/she is a true scientist.

In 1918, Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov, a Nobel laureate, delivered two lectures: on the mind in general and the Russian mind in particular; on those mind qualities that determine the success of a research work and on how these qualities are present in the Russian mind. Pavlov's thoughts are an effective vaccine against poor intellectual work.