Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Issue 2, 2025

Topic Salivary gland carcinoma

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Issue 3, 2024

Topic Systemic lupus erythematosus

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Issue 4, 2024

Topic Photopolymerizable materials for biocompatible implantable matrices

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Issue 5, 2024

Topic Gut dysbiosis

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Issue 6, 2024

Topic Crigler-Najjar syndrome: approaches to therapy

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Issue 1, 2025

Topic microRNA

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PUBLICATION FEES

New articles

Ivanova EV, Naumenko VA, Garanina AS, Abakumov MA

The development of effective relief for cancer is one of the most urgent tasks of biomedicine. Despite the success of anti-tumor nanotherapeutics, low targeted delivery effectiveness remains a major limiting factor for widespread introduction of those into clinical practice. Tumor microenvironment is a complex, multicomponent system, the dynamic interaction of which with nanoparticles requires adequate analysis methods. Intravital microscopy presents a unique opportunity for in vivo assessment of drugs and body’s cells in the real-time mode. The review describes the possibilities and prospects of using intravital microscopy to study the nanotherapeutic biodistribution and delivery to tumor cells in preclinical animal models.

Received: 2025-06-04

Published online: 2025-06-30

DOI:

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VIEWS 43

Butunts MA, Dyuzhina KA, Nifatova ES, Muradyan TG

Bone marrow transplant is the leading method to treat hematologic malignancies, immunodeficiency, and hereditary metabolic disorders. The Federal Bone Marrow Donor Registry effectiveness depends directly on public awareness of bone marrow donation and infrastructure development. A comprehensive approach to public awareness is necessary to increase the system effectiveness. The study aimed to investigate factors that influence joining the Federal Bone Marrow Donor Registry, with a focus on motivation, sources of information, impact of infrastructure, environment, and common myths. The respondents (potential donors registered in the Federal Registry; n = 3100) filled an online questionnaire of 24 questions aimed at studying and assessing the socio-demographic characteristics, motivation, sources of information, influence of the environment, awareness of bone marrow donation, and readiness to donate. It was found that young adults aged 18–36 (n = 1860) more often join the Federal Registry through informal channels, such as work/school events (n = 843; 27.2%), while respondents over the age of 37 (n = 1240) prefer healthcare institutions (n = 1590; 51.3%). Women make up the majority of potential donors (n = 2304; 74.3%), especially in Moscow (n = 1650; 74.5%), while higher prevalence of myths is reported for the regions (n = 1646; 53.1%). The findings emphasize the need for the differentiated approach to information policy, which will make it possible to increase the donor movement effectiveness nationwide. A key factor in scaling this work is partnership with commercial laboratories, which significantly expands the Federal Registry recruitment network and provides convenient conditions for donors to join.

Received: 2025-05-26

Published online: 2025-06-26

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.032

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VIEWS 93

Shishelova AYu, Guseva OYu, Kopetskiy IS, Ansari V

The chewing experience acquired during ontogeny may lead to developing functional asymmetry of the masticatory apparatus, adversely affecting the maxillofacial region functions. The study aimed to assess asymmetry of the masticatory muscle activity in healthy individuals showing no dentofacial system dysfunction. In 17 volunteers (6 males, 11 females aged 18–23 years), motor functional asymmetry of the brain was assessed using standard motor tests, and surface electromyogram (EMG) of the masseter (MM) and temporalis muscle (TMs) was recorded on the right and left sides: in the resting state, with the maximum voluntary bite force, during deliberate unilateral mastication (alternately on the left and right sides), and bilateral voluntary chewing. Three groups with various asymmetry manifestations were distinguished and characterized based on the asymmetry indices of standard EMG parameters (integrated EMG (AIint), average amplitude (AIav), and chewing bursts duration (AId)) of the right and left muscles: 1) showing stable unilateral asymmetry of the MM and TM activity; 2) showing the “dynamic asymmetry” that was different for the MMs and TMs; 3) showing the “adaptive control”, when the muscle activity asymmetry was manifested adequately to the chewing test, and AIint of the MMs and TMs reached 40 ± 18% and 97 ± 20% during chewing on the left side, 242 ± 39% and 127 ± 32% during chewing on the right side, 115 ± 12% and 115 ± 24% during bilateral chewing. The major significant between-group differences in AIint, AIav, and AId were reported for the MMs (the impact of the “group” factor on these indices was as follows: F = 11.0, p < 0.01; F = 5.72 and F = 3.73, p < 0.05; repeated measures ANOVA). Thus, in young adulthood, some people develop functional asymmetry of the masticatory muscles in the form of excessive predominance of electrical activity on one side of the face with changes in both amplitude and duration of the “chewing” EMG bursts.

Received: 2025-05-19

Published online: 2025-06-19

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.031

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VIEWS 136

Kopetskiy IS, Pobozhieva LV, Kopetskaya AI

Indices that reflect individual oral hygiene levels are widely used to determine microbial plaque of the tooth surface. When teaching patients how to take care about the oral cavity, dentists use visual demonstration of the dental plaque localization. The quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) technique represents a modern method to diagnose individual oral hygiene, in which even minimal microbial plaque buildup shows up as red fluorescence. The study aimed to assess the oral hygiene status using the quantitative light-induced fluorescence technique. Dental deposits were detected using QLF; the Quigley Hein, Green-Vermillion, DMF indices were detected clinically. The findings show that Simple Hygiene Scores do not exceed 2, when the caries intensity is very low or low (p < 0.05). In these groups, the Green-Vermillion and Quigley Hein index values reach 0.5 ± 0.23 and 0.2 ± 0.14, respectively. When the caries intensity is medium, Simple Hygiene Scores vary between 1–5 points. Very high caries intensity is characterized by the Simple Hygiene Score between 3 and 5 points (maximum Green-Vermillion and Quigley Hein index values reach 2.3 ± 0.43 and 2.1 ± 0.35) (p < 0.05). Thus, the quantitative light-induced fluorescence technique can be used in clinical trials for objective oral hygiene assessment, visual demonstration of dental plaque buildup to patients, and assessment of the dynamic changes in these indicators.

Received: 2025-04-23

Published online: 2025-06-06

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.030

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VIEWS 197

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Popular articles

Pisklova MV, Baulina NM, Matveeva NA, Favorova OO

The role of miRNAs (small non-coding RNAs) in regulation of gene expression is reported. By binding with target mRNAs miRNAs control expression of the genes encoding these mRNAs at post-transcriptional level taking part in physiological and pathological processes, from embryogenesis to neoplastic disorders. Various research teams have been studying the miRNA functions and mechanisms of action since the discovery of these molecules in 1993. The paper reports miRNA biogenesis pathways, modes of interaction between miRNAs and target mRNAs, and the mechanisms underlying suppression of translation and mRNA degradation. The results of numerous studies have shown that miRNAs can be used in medicine as biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Developments in miRNA therapeutics hold promise for the treatment of diseases, in which gene dysregulation plays a key role.

Received: 2024-11-24

Published online: 2025-01-28

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.001

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VIEWS 705

Fokin VF, Ponomareva NV, Shabalina AA, Konovalov RN, Medvedev RB, Boravova AI, Lagoda OV, Krotenkova MV, Tanashyan MM

Cognitive reserve (CR) is characterized by the ability to engage neural networks for adaptive reorganization of brain functions in response to damage or stress. This study aimed to identify the structural and functional organization of neural networks in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) having different CR. The study involved 137 women aged 50–85 years suffering from CCI without diabetes. The average duration of CCI was 10.1 ± 0.7 years. CCI patients were divided into two groups: with secondary (SE) and higher (HE) education. Salivary cortisol levels were measured before and after cognitive load, along with the differences in brain connectivity organization based on fMRI data in two patient groups. Connectivity patterns were primarily found in the auditory areas, different in two groups after applying multiple comparison correction (FDR) and were responsive to cortisol levels. Patients with greater CR developed CCI later, showed significantly more positive connectivity values, had lower baseline cortisol levels, and displayed larger shifts in cortisol levels during cognitive load.

Received: 2024-11-28

Published online: 2025-01-31

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.002

Comments 0

VIEWS 627

Special Project Author's Work

Secrets of a quality research study and a good manuscript

At the end of 2015, Bulletin of RSMU saw an important change in its typographic design and content. We formulated new editorial policies and established strict ethical standards for submitted manuscripts in accordance with the guidelines of reputable international bodies. As a result, about a quarter of the submitted works have been rejected, the primary reason being the author trying to submit a previously published article. Sometimes authors believe that by making slight changes to the introduction, excluding a few people from the study, performing a new statistical analysis, and thus obtaining totally new results they will turn their old manuscript into a novel work. That is why we would like to talk about scientific integrity, honesty, plagiarism, and self-plagiarism in our special project “Author’s work”.

American physicist Richard P. Feynman, a Nobel laureate, was always very scrupulous about the quality of a research study. During his commencement address at the California Institute of Technology in 1974, he talked about scientific integrity and honesty and warned young researchers “not to fool” themselves. A must-read for anyone who believes he/she is a true scientist.

In 1918, Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov, a Nobel laureate, delivered two lectures: on the mind in general and the Russian mind in particular; on those mind qualities that determine the success of a research work and on how these qualities are present in the Russian mind. Pavlov's thoughts are an effective vaccine against poor intellectual work.