Hemostatic balance is provided by complex interactions of the coagulation, fibrinolytic systems, platelets and vascular wall. R.Virhov's work, published in 1856, laid the foundation for the study of the problems of thrombosis and first substantiated its etiopathogenesis: slowing the rate of blood flow, changes in blood, vascular wall damage. Further development of the doctrine of thrombosis significantly changed the idea of the significance of each of these factors. The review describes the recent literature data on this issue.