The role of inflammation in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases has been studied for decades. However, the start of use of endovascular methods in the treatment of coronary heart disease changed the approach to the problem. Barotrauma of coronary arteries, subintimal haemorrhage, endothelial dysfunction, cellular and molecular mechanisms of inflammation are among the key factors affecting the neointima formation and occurrence of restenosis at the site of intervention. In this review there are considered the basics of pathophysiology of inflammation after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) as well as existing and researched approaches to the anti-inflammatory therapy in the group of patients with coronary heart disease.