The purpose of the study is the assessment of medical awareness, as well as justification of measures of increasing medical and social activity of the urban population. The study included 730 people from St. Petersburg who were divided into 3 groups according to the level of medical awareness (high, average, low). This research was carried out by a method of questioning with the help of specially designed program. The higher level was found in women in the age group of 30–49 years and among the citizens with high education. People with a high level had more favorable characteristics of social-hygienic functioning. It was found higher morbidity in the group of citizens with low level. Women, people of the older age groups with high education and a high level of medical awareness more actively use medical and health services. It was found the effect of the level of medical awareness on morbidity of the population, and the level of medical and social activity of the urban population.