It was performed the analysis of published data on the use of products made of biodegradable materials in traumatology and orthopedics. Currently more and more implants made from polylactic and polyglycolic acids are widely used, in particular, in trauma — pins and screws. Low frequency of the osteolysis and foreign body reactions to the use of these devices was demonstrated, the duration of the controlled period of their decay was up to 18 months. The advantage of these implants is the ability to complete resorption, which eliminates the need for surgery to remove the device and tissue damage accordingly. There were presented the data of clinical studies which contributed to the implementation in practice of biodegradable orthopedic products. It was concluded that further research on the use of products made of biodegradable materials in traumatology and orthopedics is needed.