Diseases of the vocal apparatus and state structures of the larynx are the least studied fields of pediatric otorhinolaryngology. Currently, the frequency of congenital abnormalities increases. This is due to the increase in the volume and improvement of the quality of diagnosis in childhood. This article describes the main methods of diagnosis of the larynx pathology, as well as data obtained by the authors in the study of its structure. There is described in details the structure of larynx pathology, which is characteristic for each age group, and there is traced its variation with age.