The rapidly evolving genome editing techniques are steadily moving from research laboratories to clinical practice. Fundamentally new methods of editing the genome of human embryos in the early stages of development have been developed. Tools for correction of genetic disorders in people of any age have also been created. In fact, the doctor is becoming a corrector of genetic instructions on construction and functioning of the human body. This review generalizes the data on the current state of genome editing techniques and existing approaches to applying them in clinical practice.