Russian system of continuous medical education does not guarantee professional development of its participants: doctors do not report the number and specifics of the operations performed, self-assess their competence and compile individual professional development plans, and the professional community does not take part in these processes. Therefore, there is a need for accurate assessment of competence of plastic surgeons and objectivity of their self-assessment. We have conducted a study in the form of a single-stage questionnaire filled by the surgeons in person. The questionnaire contained two sections. The first section offered a competence self-assessment table listing 9 plastic surgery specialties; the participants used a 5-point scoring system to state their level, where 1 meant "no experience", 2 — "beginner", 3 — "specialist", 4 — "knowledgeable", 5 — "expert". The second section contained 9 test tasks (closed, univariate) used to objectively assess the level of competence of the participants. Each correct answer added 1 point to the participant's score, wrong answers added nothing. 162 people took part in the survey. The average age of the participants was 31.5 ± 6.9 years; average length of service — 4.0 ± 4.8 years. Analyzing the data, we applied the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman's coefficient, used ANOVA, Levene's test, Duncan test. The values were considered statistically significant at p ˂ assessment score was 2.1 ± 0.92 points. We have discovered a statistically significant (p ˂ 0.001) correlation of the length of  0.05. The overall self-service with the level of self-assessment (r_s= 0.72). The average score for the second section, the tests, was 2.6 ± 1.76 points (out of 9). The correlation between the test score and the length of service was insignificant (r_s= –0.08, p = 0.3); same is true for the self-assessment (r_s= –0.006, p = 0.9).