Standard asthma therapy includes prescription of β₂-agonists. Changes in the functional activity of β₂-adrenergic receptor are associated with ADRB2 gene polymorphism and related to the low therapeutic response to β2-agonists. Identification of carriers of the clinically significant gene variants will help to avoid ineffective treatment and prescribe an alternative therapy. This study aimed to assess clinical significance of the ADRB2 gene polymorphisms (Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu) associated with the therapeutic response to β₂-agonists in the group of asthma patients. We subjected a small group of adult nonsmoking patients (n = 21) with moderate asthma (III–IV stage of GINA) to clinical and genetic examination. The group included patients with the new theratype, those that poorly respond to β₂-adrenergic drugs but significantly to M-cholinergic agonists. The first group included patients responding well to both salbutamol and ipratropium bromide. The second group was comprised of the patients for whom salbutamol was not effective but who tested positive for response to ipratropium bromide. The analysis of distribution of polymorphic variants of Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu revealed no significant relationship between alleles and genotypes and the efficacy of β₂-agonists (0.52 for the rs1042713 variant, p = 1.0; 1.0 for the rs1042714 variant, p = 0.74, respectively). The genotype of patients that did not respond to salbutamol was either Arg16Gly or Gly16Gly. Further studies are needed that would involve a larger number of patients and an expanded list of the tested polymorphic variants.