Copyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee: Pirogov University.
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Impact of tumor on the cell cycle and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells

Aktanova AA1,2, Bykova MV1, Skachkov IP1,2, Denisova VV3, Pashkina EA1,2
About authors

1 Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia

2 Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia

3 Immunopathology Clinic, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia

Correspondence should be addressed: Alina A. Aktanova
Yadrintsevskaya, 14, Novosibirsk, 630099, Russia; ur.liam@la_avonatka

About paper

Funding: the study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 23–25-10099.

Author contribution: Aktanova AA — study design, experimental procedure, data analysis and interpretation, manuscript writing and editing; Bykova MV — literature review, data interpretation, manuscript editing; Skachkov IP — sample preparation, handling illustrations; Denisova VV — providing the biomaterials for the study, advising; Pashkina EA — planning, developing and editing the study design, data analysis, manuscript editing.

Compliance with ethical standards: the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology (protocol No. 145 dated 19 April 2024). All the conditionally healthy donors submitted the informed consent to participation in the study.

Received: 2024-12-02 Accepted: 2024-12-16 Published online: 2024-12-27
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Today, there is a theory that proliferative potential of hematopoietic stem cells is depleted, and the balance of committed precursor cells shifts towards suppressors during the development of cancer. However, differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells can vary depending on the tumor type, localization, and microenvironment specifics. The study aimed to assess the impact of tumors of various origins on the CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (n = 10). Assessment of the cell cycle and cell differentiation via both direct contact with the tumor and exchanging humoral factors only in transwells was conducted by flow cytometry. In the co-culture with К562, the number of hematopoietic stem cells being in their synthesis phase was 2.1%, while in the control it was 11.2% (p = 0.01); in the co-culture with SK-mel37, the number of hematopoietic stem cells being in the G2‒M cell cycle phase was reduced to 0.3% (p < 0.05). 1301 and К562 directed the hematopoietic stem cell differentiation towards granulocyte-macrophage precursor cells (p < 0.05), while 1301 and SK-mel37 directed it towards common multipotent progenitor cells. It is interesting that the number of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells significantly increased (2-fold) compared to control after incubation with К562 in transwells (24.17% and 10.19%, respectively). Thus, properties of hematopoietic stem cells can vary depending on both tumor type and the way of interacting with these cells.

Keywords: flow cytometry, melanoma, hematopoietic stem cell, cell differentiation, committed precursor cells, proliferation, Т-cell leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia

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