Anovulatory infertility remains a significant medical and social issue requiring the development of new approaches to personalized patient management in assisted reproductive technology programs. Pharmacogenetic testing of hormone metabolism gene polymorphisms can contribute to optimization of ovarian stimulation protocols and higher in vitro fertilization (IVF) efficacy. The study aimed to assess a possible association of polymorphic variants of CYP isoenzyme genes (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP17А1, CYP19A1) with the IVF program clinical efficacy in patients with anovulatory infertility. A total of 18 polymorphisms of the CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1 genes were analyzed by genotyping on the Illumina iScan platform. The CYP1A2 Т/Т rs2470890 and А/А rs762551 genotype carrier state is associated with the increased likelihood of getting pregnant (OR = 3.824; 95% CI: 1.150–12.713, p = 0.023 and OR = 4.030; 95% CI: 1.372–11.839, p = 0.009, respectively). As for other studied polymoprhisms, including rs1048943, rs1800031, rs4646903, rs2606345 (gene CYP1А1), rs2069514 (gene CYP1А2), rs743572, rs104894136 (gene CYP17А1), rs10046, rs936306, rs700518, rs749292, rs1062033, rs2470152, rs28757157, rs6493497, rs7176005 (CYP19А1), no significant differences in the abundance of genotypes between comparison groups were revealed (p > 0.05). The pilot study data obtained suggest the potential role of the CYP1A2 gene rs2470890 and rs762551 variants in modulation of the individual response to treatment and the IVF program efficacy in patients with anovulatory infertility.