Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

The article presents a selective review on the most important works on the salt intake in various regions of the world, including the Russian Federation (the new information). The mean level of sodium intake in the world and the data on the critical meaningful level of salt consumption, the excess of which has a negative impact on cardiovascular health is presented. Scientific data on the effect on high salt intake on the risk of cardiovascular disease in general and hypertension in particular is summarized in the article. There has been considered the accessible international information on the effect of high sodium intake on mortality. The strategic approach to the formation of socially significant policy for sodium intake is generalized.

Received: 2016-03-28

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Poteshkina NG, Beloglazova IP, Mogutova PA, Evdokimova ES

The aim of the study was to estimate sodium intake level and to study the effect of sodium on the heart geometry in elderly hypertensive patients. 52 hypertensive patients aged 43 to 82 years were examined. It was established that sodium intake decreases rapidly after 54 years. However, sodium intake in elderly hypertensive patients is higher than the minimum level recommended by the WHO. It was found that salt intake decrease is associated with body weight loss and reduction of hypertrophic and volumetric parameters of the heart.

Received: 2013-02-11

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Zatevakhin II, Tsitsiashvili MSh, Gubaydullin RR, Bagdatyev VE, Matyushkin AV, Yakubov TJ

The authors analyzed the changes of intra-abdominal pressure in 28 patients with complicated abdominal aortic aneurysm. The study revealed significantly greater intra-abdominal pressure in patients with rupture of the abdominal aorta than in patients with symptomatic aneurysm. In patients with ruptured aneurysms l–lll degree abdominal hypertension was in 82 % of cases, and among patients with symptomatic aneurysms there was no abdominal hypertension in 64 % of cases, while 36 % had the 1st degree of the disease.

Received: 2013-02-14

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Samsygina GA, Troshina VV, Pertseva AD

This article presents a review of modern Russian and foreign literature on anti-infective resistance in frequently ill children. Specific immunity issues of acute respiratory diseases in children with allergic reactions are discussed. Immunity protection levels, mechanisms of congenital and acquired immunity are described as well as the role of T-helpers (Th1-, Th2-) imbalance in allergy in children. The role of CD4+ T-cells subpopulations — natural (nTreg) and adaptive (iTreg) regulatory T-lympho- cytes — in the immune response pathogenesis is discussed. A detailed description of natural regulatory T-lymphocytes subpopulation and their transcription factor FOXP3 is given. Data on nTreg ability to suppress activity of both Th1-cells and Th2-cells is included. Further studies of regulation of T-cells differentiation and its role in homeostatic recovery of immunity in frequently ill children are underlined.

Received: 2013-01-11

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Ozolinya LA, Pravednikov NN, Ovsepyan NR

The article describes the current understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of pelvic inflammatory diseases in women. Particular attention is paid to the immunological mechanisms, in particular the participation of cytokines in the development and maintenance of the inflammatory process. There are also described the features of the clinical manifestations of pelvic inflammatory diseases in the current conditions in comparison with those of 30 years ago, as well as the methods of treatment for this group of patients which are used in the modern practice of gynecology, including the use of anticytokine drugs.

Received: 2013-03-12

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Trofimova OP, Tkachev SI, Khailenko VA, Kubasova IYu

The results of numerous Russian and foreign research confirming the need for radiation therapy after organ-conserving surgery of patients with early-stage breast cancer are presented in the article. Radiation therapy significantly reduces the incidence of locoregional recurrence. Various techniques of radiotherapy are described — irradiation of the rest of the breast, additional irradiation of tumor bed, accelerated partial breast radiation.

Received: 2013-03-06

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Alipov NN, Dyakonova IN, Kuznetsova TE

In the present review the story of ICNS concept evolution, current notions of its structure and function and data on nervous coordination of the heart, in which ICNS can play a major role, are discussed. For today the doctrine of intracardiac nervous system experiences the second birth. It is shown that the ICNS contains a huge number of neurons with diverse activity patterns, forming local networks and releasing diverse neurotransmitters, thus being an autonomic integrative center. The opinion that the discovery of the ICNS functions and the term «intracardiac nervous system» itself belongs to North-American authors becomes increasingly widespread in literature. Actually, the detailed study of the ICNS was carried out in 1960–1980 by the groups headed by G. I. Kositsky and M. G. Udelnov and belongs to uncontestable Russian priorities.

Received: 2013-02-12

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Poryadin GV, Vlasov AP, Anaskin SG, Potyanova IV, Turygina SA

The purpose of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of an antioxidant therapy on systemic distress damages of oxidative character on the model of an acute destructive pancreatitis. It was studied the functional and metabolic state of the intestine, liver, kidneys in dogs against the antioxidant therapy. The use of the antioxidant emoxipin prevents the excessive activity of lipid peroxidation in blood plasma, tissue structures of the lesion organ (pancreas) and target organs (intestines, liver, kidneys), which determines the restoration of their functional status, preventing the progression of lesions. As a result, the correction of homeostasis disorders takes place, in particular reduction of endogenous intoxication and a decrease of inflammatory process in a pancreas.

Received: 2014-02-13

Published online: 2017-01-05

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