Original research The Impact of Income Inequality on Public Health
Velichkovsky BM, Dergustanova TM
The impact of income inequality on public health was under study. It was found the relationship between the criminal situation and income inequality of population (the value of the decile coefficient) in sub-federal units of the Russian Federation. There were compared the effects of the value of the decile coefficient and the purchasing power on population mortality rates.
Received: 2013-11-11
Published online: 2017-01-05
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VIEWS 4163
Opinion The Significance of Medical-Demographic Studies for Radiation Epidemiology
Guskova AK
Medical-demographic studies of the RAMS academician B. T. Velichkovskiy are of great importance for elucidation and ranking of the effects produced by the environmental factors including radiation and living conditions on the health of population. They reveal the potential way to make more efficacious both prophylaxis and social security instruments.
Received: 2013-11-11
Published online: 2017-01-05
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Comments 0
VIEWS 4009
Original research Alcohol Consumption as a Risk Factor for the Health of Industrial Workers Employed in Harmful Working Conditions (by the Example of Perm Region)
Ryazanova EA, Lebedeva-Nesevrya NA
The results of the survey aimed at the analysis of practices of alcohol consumption by industrial workers of Perm region are presented in the article. The method of the survey was a dispensing questionnaire in a workplace. It was found an overall high level of consumption by the workers of soft drinks, particularly beer. It was determined that more typical for certain social groups was a regular consumption of hard liquor. Using cluster analysis there were identified four types of alcohol consumers. To the risk group (the type of "alcohol abusing") there were assigned the men under the age of 46.
Received: 2013-11-11
Published online: 2017-01-05
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Comments 0
VIEWS 4142
Original research Psychosocial Aspects of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases in Rural and Urban Populations of Urals
Zakroeva AG, Lesnyak OM, Andriyanova OV
In a comparative population-based cross-sectional representative sampling study there was revealed that the prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases, regardless of living in the countryside or in the city is associated with a more than two-fold increase of the level of anxiety and depression. The reduction of arterial hypertension, angina pectoris, anxiety and depression prevalence associated with progressive increase of respondents' financial and educational level were specific only for the urban population. These data can be a basis for the development of the targeted integrated prevention programs.
Received: 2013-11-11
Published online: 2017-01-05
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Comments 0
VIEWS 4265
Original research Optimization of Preventive and Medical and Social Activity of Urban Population in View of Characteristics of Medical Awareness
Zelionko AV
The purpose of the study is the assessment of medical awareness, as well as justification of measures of increasing medical and social activity of the urban population. The study included 730 people from St. Petersburg who were divided into 3 groups according to the level of medical awareness (high, average, low). This research was carried out by a method of questioning with the help of specially designed program. The higher level was found in women in the age group of 30–49 years and among the citizens with high education. People with a high level had more favorable characteristics of social-hygienic functioning. It was found higher morbidity in the group of citizens with low level. Women, people of the older age groups with high education and a high level of medical awareness more actively use medical and health services. It was found the effect of the level of medical awareness on morbidity of the population, and the level of medical and social activity of the urban population.
Received: 2013-11-11
Published online: 2017-01-05
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VIEWS 3976
Review Assessment Methodology of Rates of Biological Aging in Hygienic Studies (Review)
Kutakova NS, Shushkova TS, Yudina TV
The article presents the analysis of the data of the scientific literature on the use of different methods of assessment of biological age. It is concluded about the validity of the application of this methodology in hygienic studies.
Received: 2013-11-11
Published online: 2017-01-05
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VIEWS 4046
Original research Tuberculosis in Patients with HIV Infection: Epidemiological Situation in the Russian Federation, Detection and Prevention in Modern Conditions
Frolova OP, Novoselova OA, Schukina IV, Stakhanov VA, Kazenniy AB
In order to limit the spread of tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients there have been studied contingents of patients with HIV infection and tuberculosis associated with HIV infection in the Russian Federation as well as the assistance to them on the report form of federal statistical observation No. 61 "Information on the groups of patients with HIV infection" (for 14 years) and the record form "Map of the personal account of the patient with tuberculosis associated with HIV infection" (for 7 years). The research showed that a substantial part of patients with HIV infection (over 30 %) with high-risk of tuberculosis do not pass timely chemoprophylaxis and screening for tuberculosis. Undiagnosed tuberculosis patients are the source of the disease for the population. There are offered measures which could improve coverage of HIV-infected patients with preventive measures and screening examinations for tuberculosis.
Received: 2013-08-28
Published online: 2017-01-05
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VIEWS 4331
Opinion The New in Infectious Diseases Pathogenesis
Uchaykin VF, Shamsheva OV
The clinical picture of an infectious disease, the character of its course, the outcomes depend on the mode of entry. When infection occurs naturally there happens an adequate immune response, the disease manifests typical symptoms, proceeds cyclically and ends with the recovery with formation of a full-fledged sterile immunity. In the case of hematogenous infection these is no full mode of entry and there may develop fulminant forms of the disease or a chronic course with the involvement of visceral organs in the process. Sterilizing immunity is not formed in this case. Complete sanogenesis requires the presence of the pathogen or its mediators in the primary site of infection. HIV, hepatitis C and B, tetanus, rabies should be treated as infectious diseases occurring due to the mechanisms of tropism's change. It provides the emergence of new tropism substrates with subsequent involvement in the process of visceral organs. The challenge for the future is to search for specific mediators of the immune response, triggering and controlling all stages of a germ and macroorganism interaction.
Received: 2013-09-04
Published online: 2017-01-05
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Comments 0
VIEWS 4277