Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Received: 2011-12-19

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 1540

Odintsova EV, Fedotcheva TA, Banin VV, Shimanovsky NL

One of the most frequent problems in the chemotherapy of hormone dependent tumors is the development of resistance in tumor cells to cytostatics. The main role among possible mechanisms of such resistance plays overexpression of P-glycoprotein, MRP and BCRP — the ABC-transporters family proteins, and Bcl-2 — antiapoptotic protein. In this study new synthetic analog of progesterone — buterol — was investigated as a perspective sensibilizing compound, e.g. compound, which increases sensitivity to anticancer drugs. It was shown, that buterol strengthens cytostatic effect of doxorubicin and etoposid in breast cancer cells in vitro. Also it was demonstrated that buterol decreases BCRP, P-glycoprotein and MRP mRNA expression in common on the 10th day of incubation. Besides, buterol suppresses mRNA expression of Bcl-2. Thus mechanisms of sensitization in MCF-7 cells are associated with the decrease of transporter proteins expression and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein expression.

Received: 2011-12-07

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 3299

Ilyenko LI, Guzhvina EN, Tumanova EI

The article deals with the experimental data on the effect of the antihomotoxic preparation «Traumeel S» on the structure and function of the placenta in physiological conditions and in case of chronic hypoxia. The experiments were performed on 60 laboratory non-stock female rats, divided into four groups. The first group (n = 10) served as a control one. Animals in group 2 (n = 20) were subjected to hypoxia from the 10th to the 22nd day of gestation, at the same time receiving «Traumeel S» of 0.2–0.3 ml intramuscular injection every other day. Animals of group 3 (n = 20) were subjected to hypoxia, but they did not receive the preparation. The 4th group of rats (n = 10) received the preparation but was not exposed to hypoxia. On the 22nd–23rd day of pregnancy there was undertaken euthanasia to the rats and then histological examination of placentas was performed. The use of «Traumeel S» during pregnancy on the phone of hypoxia has a positive effect on the formation of the placenta, it stimulates the development of compensatory-adaptive processes in it.

Received: 2012-04-10

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 3229

Vasilev IM, Bogdanec LI, Shcherbin SV

The current strategy for the treatment of venous trophic ulcers (VTU) suggests differentiated approach and a combination of conservative and surgical methods. This paper presents the results of the study of efficacy of systemic enzyme therapy (Phlogenzym by Mucos Pharma, Germany) in patients with varicose veins of lower extremities (CEAP class C6) and stage I, II and III VTU. The study included 38 patients aged 12 to 82 years. The patients were divided into the experimental (n = 20) and the control (n = 18) groups. The treatment lasted 1 month. Silcofix Professional wound dressings (Pharmaplast, Egypt) were used. All patients received Detralex (Les Laboratoires Servier, France) and wore class 2 and 3 knee-high compression socks. Patients of the experimental group also received Phlogenzym for 30 days (3 tablets 3 times a day). Total ulcer epithelization was observed in 8 (40 %) patients by week 3, and in 18 (90 %) patients by the end of treatment compared to 4 (22 %) and 9 (50 %) patients in the control group, respectively. In the control group, the regenerative process in the area of the ulcerous defect was less prominent compared to the experimental group. Immunoassays revealed a significant reduction in CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>Bright</sup> cells and increased levels of CD4<sup>+</sup>CD45RO<sup>+</sup> T-lymphocytes in the experimental group, corresponding with the observed positive clinical response. The use of immunomodulatory drug Phlogenzym contributed to a more rapid regression of clinical symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency and faster healing of stage I–III venous trophic ulcers.

Received: 2016-10-24

Published online: 2017-01-05

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2016-05-06

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VIEWS 3596

Balaian NM, Shebzukhova MM, Grachev NS, Muradianc AA, Shostak NA

The article presents the analysis of clinical and angiographic characteristics and risk factors of myocardial infarction (MI) in men and women aged <45 years. The study included 35 patients with acute MI (15 females, 20 males) of the 14th Department of Cardiology, N. I. Pirogov City Clinical Hospital No. 1 (Moscow). The average age of female and male patients was 41.2 and 39.6 years, respectively. The majority of patients of both sexes had ST-elevation MI (STEMI) (88.6 %), among which Q-wave MI accounted for 60.0 % of cases and typical MI accounted for 71.4 % of cases. Forty percent of patients of both sexes had no previous history of CHD. Almost all risk factors (dyslipidemia, hypertension, early family history etc.) were seen more often in women compared to men, except smoking which was found to be a risk factor in 55 % of men vs. 6 % of women (p <0.05). The coronary angiography data showed the prevalence of the right type of coronary circulation (70 % of patients) and single-vessel disease (80 %) with coronary stenosis of more than 75 %. The time to diagnosis was 2.1 times greater in women than in men accounting for an average of 9.2 and 4.3 hours, respectively. The main causes of delayed MI diagnosis before admittance were late patient referral or diagnostic errors.

Received: 2016-06-23

Published online: 2017-01-05

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2016-05-07

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VIEWS 3479

Diphtheria is an infection caused by toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The pathogen releases the toxin that affects heart, kidneys, adrenal gland, as well as spinal and cerebral nerves. Tissue- and organ-specific action of diphtheria toxin is considered to be associated with the blood supply to these organs. We propose the hypothesis that takes into account the physical and chemical properties of the toxin molecule (positively charged R-domain in the B subunit) and cell expression of different types of the HB-EGF receptor and CD9 co-receptor, which are responsible for the toxin penetration into the cell. The proposed hypothesis explains the possible mechanisms of diphtheria complications.

Received: 2016-06-26

Published online: 2017-01-05

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2016-05-09

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VIEWS 3320

Vladimirov YuA, Osipov AN, Teselkin YuO

The paper analyzes the results of investigations obtained in different years at the Department of general and medical biophysics of medical-biological faculty of the Russian National Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov. The role of lipid peroxidation in the mechanisms of cell damage is estimated. The prospects for the use of chemiluminescence method for the decision of scientiﬁc and clinical problems are discussed.

Received: 2012-05-14

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 3102

Titov VYu, Kreynina MV, Petrov VA, Ivanova AV, Boldyrikhin VS, Balyakin YuV, Osipov AN

The article contains a brief review of nitric oxide (NO) metabolism assay studies in biological systems in health and in the development of pathological conditions as well as the reasons that prevent the successful development of concepts in this field. Using enzymatic sensor, the authors found that in normal core body fluids including blood contain only trace amounts of nitrite and N-nitrosocompounds (RNNO). In inflammation processes nitrite and RNNO concentrations increase in blood plasma significantly. The total concentration of nitrite and RNNO over 150 nM is obviously a proof of inflammatory process in the body. Moreover, we have shown that nitrite and RNNO concentration rise is not the result of the inducible NO-synthase activation, but is due to NO donor destruction, presumably by active oxygen species, produced by activated leukocytes.

Received: 2012-05-14

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 3120