Original research Surface phenotype of blood lymphocytes in children with medium axial myopia in the presence or absence of secondary immunodeficiency
Khamnagdaeva NV, Semenova LYu, Obrubov SA, Salmasi JM, Poryadin GV, Rogozhina IV, Kazimirskii AN
Investigating the role of secondary immunodeficiency in the development of myopia in children is a promising research area. We studied the surface phenotype of blood lymphocytes in healthy children and children with medium axial myopia in the presence or absence of secondary immunodeficiency clinical manifestations. The mean age of study participants was 16 ± 0.25 years. The control group and each of the two experimental subgroups included 8 children. Using indirect immunofluorescence, the expression of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD56, CD20, CD72, CD38, CD25, CD71, HLA-DR, CD95, CD54, mIgM, mIgG, ICAM-1 antigens was studied. For children with myopia and secondary immunodeficiency, only one statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference from the control group was detected, namely, a reduced expression of CD4 antigen. For children with myopia and without secondary immunodeficiency, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) increase in CD20 antigen expression and a reduced ICAM-1 antigen expression were observed.
Received: 2015-11-03
Published online: 2017-01-05
DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2016-01-07
Comments 0
VIEWS 3497
Method Tissue chemiluminescence as a method of evaluation of superoxide radical producing ability of mitochondria
Dzhatdoeva AA, Polimova AM, Proskurnina EV, Vladimirov YuA
Mitochondrial dysfunctions are an underlying cause of many human diseases including degenerative diseases. One of the consequences of mitochondrial dysfunctions is apoptosis of functionally active cells. During the initial stage of apoptosis, increased production of superoxide anion-radical (SAR) is observed. A promising method of SAR detection in cells and tissues is chemiluminescence (CL), primarily, in the presence of lucigenin, a SAR specific amplifier of CL. In this study a means of improving CL was proposed, and its effectiveness in detecting SAR level in living tissues of laboratory animals in hypoxia and parkinsonism models was evaluated. Aerobic (O<sub>2</sub> — 15 %, CO<sub>2</sub> — 5 %, N<sub>2</sub> — 80 %) and anaerobic (CO<sub>2</sub> — 5 %, N<sub>2</sub> — 95 %) gas mixtures proposed for samples aeration, maintained a constant pH of 7.4, necessary for accurate recording of CL. Using the studied method, a statistically significant increase (1.8 and 2.0 times) in SAR production level in rat heart tissue was detected with hypoxia duration of 150 to 240 minutes. In the parkinsonian model SAR production in mouse brain tissue samples of striatum and substantia nigra was 1.7 and 1.3 times higher after administration of the final dose of proneurotoxin, as compared to the control group.
Received: 2015-10-01
Published online: 2017-01-05
DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2016-01-09
Comments 0
VIEWS 3836
Review Serum albumin as a source of and a target for free radicals in pathology
Sozarukova MM, Proskurnina EV, Vladimirov YuA
Oxidative stress caused by excessive accumulation of pro-oxidants and/or depletion of antioxidants, is an important pathogenic factor. Oxidative stress leads to oxidative modification of macromolecules. Proteins are a target for oxidizing agents. Of other antioxidants in human blood plasma, serum albumin is particularly interesting as a target for reactive oxygen species. In this brief review albumin is looked upon as a target for free radicals, an antioxidant, and a source of free radicals in its complexes with copper ions. Possible targets for free radicals in protein structure and the consequences of their exposure to free radicals attacks have been analyzed. The role of glycosylation in contributing to protein oxidative modification has been studied. The original experimental data on albumin structure changes in various models of oxidative stress obtained by a spectrofluorimetric method are pesented. Increased antioxidant properties of albumin modified in a physical model of oxidative stress (UV-irradiation) have been described.
Received: 2015-09-30
Published online: 2017-01-05
DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2016-01-10
Comments 0
VIEWS 4086
Original research Vitamin status of urban and rural school children and specifics of free radical reactions in their blood serum
Setko NP, Krasikov SI, Bulycheva EV
The rate of free radical reactions is one of stress markers. The ability of the organism to resist oxidation is determined by various factors, including vitamin supply. Vitamins A, E, C and group B vitamins directly or indirectly affect the degree of antioxidant protection. We have studied vitamin supply in school children aged 12 to 17 in urban (n = 250) and rural areas (n = 200) and the rate of free radical reactions in their blood serum by induced chemiluminescence. Deficiency of vitamins A and E, which have antioxidant properties, was detected in both urban and rural school children; however, the former had a higher deficiency level. This corresponds to the chemiluminiscence assay data: all chemiluminescence assay values in urban school children were 2.2–7.6 times higher than in rural school children, which indicates a higher intensity oxidation in their bodies. A deficiency of group B vitamins was also detected in rural school children, riboflavin being an exception in a subgroup of 15 to 17 year old subjects.
Received: 2015-09-25
Published online: 2017-01-05
DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2016-01-08
Comments 0
VIEWS 3668
Review Cell surface amyloid proteins of microorganisms: structure, properties and significance in medicine
Rekstina VV, Gorkovskii AA, Bezsonov EE, Kalebina TS
This review summarizes data which describe properties of microbial cell surface amyloids proteins. Definitions of amyloids and microbial functional amyloids are given. The review provides numerous examples of research in which the presence of amyloid-like properties in microbial cell surface proteins is demonstrated convincingly. Studies of the important role of pili, curli, tafi and some other bacterial fibrillar proteins in host colonization are reviewed. Data on amyloid proteins of yeast cell surface, their properties and potential association with candidiasis development are summarized. This review also appeals to experts in biology and medicine in an attempt to draw their attention to the issue which is increasingly discussed in scientific work at present, namely to a possible role of bacterial extracellular matrix amyloids and amyloid proteins of eukaryotic microorganism surface, yeast in the first place, in the development of amyloidosis in animals and humans.
Received: 2015-09-30
Published online: 2017-01-05
DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2016-01-01
Comments 0
VIEWS 3737