Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Tlostanova MS, Yablonsky PK, Pischik VG, Levhenko EV, Avetisyan AO, Petrov AS

The aim of the investigation was to study the efficiency of positron emission tomography with [<sup>18</sup>F]-fluorodeoxyglucose in diagnosis of various bronchopulmonary diseases taking into account the mass size of a pathological formation and the level of metabolic activity. A retrospective analysis of 615 patients with focal or infiltrative changes in the lungs was performed. The maximum level of Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) was measured in 443 of 615 patients with focal glucose hypermetabolism uptake. There was proposed the new method of calculating the SUV threshold depending on the size of the pathological formation. On the basis of the size of the pathological formation the new method of SUV threshold calculating was proposed depending on the mass size. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the method were calculated taking into account the mass size. The greatest number of false-positive and false-negative results was obtained in the SUV range from 1.9 to 4.3. The optimal SUV threshold for lung cancer revelation was defined by trees classification method.

Received: 2012-09-05

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4069

Mescheryakova NN, Belevsky AS, Niovikov YuK, Avdeev AN, Chernyak YuV

The aim of our study was to assess the dyspnea changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients during physical rehabilitation. 39 patients with obstructive pulmonary disease participated in this study: 21 patients were treated with standard medications and physical rehabilitation with the use of respiratory muscles training devices, 18 patients were treated with medications only. The intensity and changes of dyspnea were measured by baseline dyspnea index and transition dyspnea index. The exercise tolerance increased significantly (distance during 6-min walking test increased by 103 m) in the first group as well as lung function (forced expiratory volume increased in the 1st second by 9.6 %pred., functional residual capacity and residual volume decreased by 10.4 and 17.5 %pred., respectively). Significant decrease of dyspnea severity (transition dyspnea index changed by 3.3 points) was noted. There were no significant reliable changes in the control group.

Received: 2012-06-30

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4078

Sergienko EYu, Zheludkova OG, Kovaleva MYu, Fradkina MM, Belykh OYu

The aim of the study was the development of rehabilitation technology for children with brain tumors after combined treatment based on combined employment of robotized complexes and kinesitherapeutic techniques. 40 children were included in the study. 15 of them got reabilitational complex which included training on robotized trainers «Агтео» and «Thera vital», ontogenetic and coordination gymnastics, other 25 patients got only kinesitherapeutic techniques. The estimate of spasticity degree, dynamics of Frenchay arm test, Hauser ambulation index, coordination tests and also changes of functional activities of upper and lower extremities was performed. High effectiveness of combined employment of robotized complexes and kinesitherapeutic techniques in rehabilitation for children after the combined treatment of brain tumors was confirmed in the study.

Received: 2012-06-15

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4001

Zryachkin NI, Elizarova TV

The research objective the work was to define the presence of features of physical development of children at the age from 1 month till 3 years depending on the character of feeding in the first year of life. 2136 children living in the municipality of Engels in the Saratov region were under study. It was carried out the analysis of the influence of the nature of feeding in the first year of life on the formation of physical development of the surveyed children. Deviations in the physical development of children from the accepted norm at various types of feeding were revealed.

Received: 2012-05-23

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 3981

Kuzovova AV, Efimov BA, Kulagina EV, Korotkiy NG

The aim of the research was studying of the clinical and laboratory parameters, including the assessment of a level of skin contamination with S. aureus in 25 children with atopic dermatitis, before and after the use of composite dressings manufactured from hydroalginate and silver-coated fibers. The SCORAD index before the treatment was, on average, 34.4 ± 4.0. S. aureus was detected in 18 children (72 %) with a mean concentration of 4.3 ± 4.0 CFU/cm<sup>2</sup>. Patients' affected skin areas were covered with Silvercel dressings (Johnson & Johnson) for 7 days. A microbiological test was repeated thereafter. S. aureus was detected only in 8 patients after the treatment, the level of skin contamination with S. aureus being 2.3 ± 0.2 CFU/cm<sup>2</sup> (p < 0.05). The treatment was well-tolerated by all children. Twenty patients (80 %) had an improvement of their skin condition. The SCORAD index after the treatment was 20.35 ± 8.5 (p < 0.05). Positive changes in clinical and laboratory parameters allows to conclude that this approach is effective and safe in treatment for atopic dermatitis aggravated by a bacterial infection.

Received: 2012-07-13

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4181

Bashinskaya VV, Kulakova OG, Tsareva EYu, Boyko AN, Shcur SG, Davydovskaya MV, Khachanova NV, Gusev EI, Favorova OO

We investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 49A>G (rs231775) in CTLA4 gene was associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility and MS clinical features, such as disease severity estimated by MSSS scale, onset symptoms and the duration of the first remission. DNA samples of 508 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and 210 healthy individuals (all individuals were Russians by ethnicity) were analyzed. Genotyping was performed using PCR method with the analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism. No association of SNP rs231775 with MS susceptibility was found. After stratification of patients according to their first remission duration reliable associations of G allele carriage with the short first remission (<1 year; p = 0.044, odds ratio = 1.5), and A/A genotype carriage with the long first remission (>1 year) were observed. No reliable associations of SNP rs231775 with MS severity or onset symptoms were revealed. Carriage of CTLA4*G allele may be used as the prognostic marker for evaluation of subsequent relapses frequency in MS patients.

Received: 2012-07-09

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4086

Kruglikov GG, Suslov VB, Likhacheva LM, Stranzha NB, Oettinger AP

Chronic inflammatory reactions in the lungs lead to circulatory problems in the microvessels, causing increased permeability of endothelial cells, edema and interstitial tissue hypoxia and respiratory tracts of lungs. Inflammation is kept by constant secretion of cytokines from specific granules of mast cells and eosinophils. Protective immune response is implemented by blast transformation of lymphocytes into plasma cells secreting antibodies. With pneumoconioses incomplete phagocytosis of foreign particles, permanent destruction of macrophages and tissue saturation with decay products stimulate an autoimmune response and the intensity of fibrosis.

Received: 2012-06-27

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4215

Azova MM, Blagonravov ML, Frolov VA, Gigani OB, Gigani OO

The rates of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial hypertrophy were investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats by TUNEL-assay and evaluation of nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio relatively. It was found that genetic hypertension in rats was accompanied by a significant increase in apoptotic index of ventricular cardiomyocytes, and the dynamics of programmed cell death in the right and left ventricles was different. Myocardial hypertrophy began to develop in SHR rats within the first weeks of life and was associated with reduced apoptosis rate. Moreover its effect on the programmed death of cardiomyocytes was more marked in the left ventricle of the heart.

Received: 2012-06-25

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4204