Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

Scopus

SCImago Journal & Country Rank

Log In Registration RU

Fokin VF, Ponomareva NV, Konovalov RN, Medvedev RB, Boravova AI, Lagoda OV, Krotenkova MV, Tanashyan MM

Verbal working memory (VWM) is a fundamental function responsible for temporary storage and short-term handling of verbal information. The study was aimed to determine the working memory biomarker associated with imaging of the source of infra-slow electrical activity in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI). A total of 50 patients with CCI took part in the study: 16 males and 34 females aged 50–85 years. VWM was evaluated by the Luria test. The subjects were divided into two groups matched by age with the VWM below and above the average level for the studied sample. The infra-slow, below 0.1 Hz, electrical activity, otherwise known as the DC potentials (DCPs) of the brain, was recorded with five monopolar leads: frontal, central, occipital, right and left temporal. The resting state fMRI was used to analyze brain regions with the activated BOLD (blood-oxygen-level-dependent) signal that were associated with the brain regions responsible for VWM and the DCP generation sources recorded with the non-polarizable electrodes. The differences in BOLD signal activation and infra-slow activity amplitude were found in two VWM groups. These resting-state neural networks, VWM and the neural network responsible for DCP generation, overlapped in frontal regions. There were significant differences in DCP recorded with the frontal lead in two VWM groups (р = 0.00004). In patients with CCI, infra-slow activity, recorded with the frontal lead that is generated by the neural network fragment representing an intersection of the VWM network and the part of the brain responsible for DCP generation in the frontal region, is a VWM biomarker.

Received: 2024-08-29

Published online: 2024-09-30

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.039

Comments 0

VIEWS 1358

Vlasov AA, Andrusenko SF, Denisova EV, Elkanova AB, Kadanova AA, Melchenko EA, Sokulskaya NN, Domenyuk DA

Cryoprotectants enable the long-term storage of biomaterials. Despite progress in cryopreservation, there are a number of problems associated with damage to the cell membranes that result from insufficient efficacy and toxicity of some components. In this regard, it is important to develop non-toxic cryopreservation agents performing well at low temperature. The study was aimed to assess morphofunctional features of blood cells in the lactulose-based cryopreservation agent considering the effects of moderate low temperature (–40 °С). Blood cells (leukocytes, erythrocytes, platelets) collected from 30 conditionally healthy female voluntary donors aged 18–23 years were assessed. The complete blood count test was performed using the Gemalight 1270 automated hematology analyzer. Computerized cytomorphometric assessement was performed using the MECOS-C2 hardware and software complex. The study results showed morphological and functional integrity of blood cells after the 24 h storage at the temperature of–40 °С when added the lactulose-based cryopreservation agent developed: erythrocytes — 85.3 ± 0.30 % (p < 0.05), platelets – 75 ± 0.71 % (p < 0.05), leukocytes – 90.1 ± 0.91% (p < 0.05) of the values reported before freezing. The findings demonstrate the potential of using lactulose as a non-toxic component of cryopreservation systems, which will expand the range of cryopreservation agents used and make it possible to analyze morphofunctional parameters of frozen whole blood samples when conducting large-scale studies.

Received: 2024-07-17

Published online: 2024-09-17

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.038

Comments 0

VIEWS 1626

Uyaniklar OO, Rahimli Ocakoglu S, Atak Z, Suer E

Adolescence represents a pivotal phase in the transition from childhood to adulthood. Adolescent gynecology is the clinical specialty that focuses on the management of gynecologic problems during this period. This study's primary objective is to emphasize the importance of adolescent gynecology by examining the gynecological causes of adolescent presentations and highlighting the differences that warrant consideration in the clinical approach to adolescent patients. The study was designed as a retrospective cohort study in an academic tertiary hospital and included adolescent individuals presenting to the obstetrics and gynecology emergency department or outpatient clinic. The analysis encompassed a range of factors, including age, presenting symptoms, examination findings, ultrasound results, laboratory data, and the necessity for hospital admission. The study cohort comprised 750 adolescent patients, 71.3% seeking gynecological care. Adolescents most frequently presented for menstrual irregularities (57.6%) and secondly for dysmenorrhea. The results of the gynecological clinical evaluations indicated that 62.9% of the patients had menstrual disorders. Of these, 53.4% had irregular menstrual cycles, 4.5% had prolonged and/or heavy bleeding, and 3% had amenorrhea. Ultrasound imaging revealed the presence of pathological findings in 25.8% of the patients. In conclusion, this study's findings indicate that irregular menstrual cycles are the most common gynecological condition in the adolescent population. The physiological characteristics of adolescents require a distinct approach to diagnosis and treatment compared to adult women, which can significantly impact future fertility and overall reproductive health.

Received: 2024-06-16

Published online: 2024-08-31

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.035

Comments 0

VIEWS 1595

Rudik IS, Mironov AV, Kuznetsova VS, Vasiliev AV

The review considers photopolymerizable compositions based on biocompatible polymers for regenerative medicine. Assessment of the physical-mechanical and biological properties of photopolymerizable polymeric matrices, polyethyleneglycol, lactic acid, collagen, and hyaluronic acid, as well as of the effectiveness and toxicity of various photoinitiator supplements has been performed. Mechanical properties and degradation rate of the photopolymerizable matrices are ensured by selection of proportions of methacrylated mono-, oligo-, and polymers these consist of, while their toxicity largely depends on the photoinitiator systems used. It has been concluded that it is necessary to search for and develop the methods to obtain photopolymerizable polymeric matrices by using the compounds capable of initiating radical polymerization with lower toxic effect.

Received: 2024-07-15

Published online: 2024-08-31

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.036

Comments 0

VIEWS 1432

Proskokova SV, Enikeev AM, Pirogov AE, Kuliev RM

The non-removable temporary structures are used in orthopedic dentistry to provide high-quality treatment. The approaches in prosthetics are conditionally divided into conventional and digital. These approaches imply the use of both common materials for prosthetics and unique options. When the conventional approach is used, the quality of orthopedic dental treatment depends on the manual skill of the provider (dental technician). Unlike the conventional approach, the digital one uses a wide range of libraries with ready-made templates for various options for the dentoalveolar system aesthetic and functional characteristics. This fact allows the attending physician to do without any intermediary for the manufacture of dental prostheses, if the material and technical resources permit. The use of 3D printing in dentistry has only recently begun. From our point of view, the active use of photopolymer 3D resins can become a promising option in terms of economic and strength characteristics.

Received: 2024-07-16

Published online: 2024-08-30

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.037

Comments 0

VIEWS 1388

Soldatenko AA, Gumenyuk LN, Berdieva DM, Ponomarchuk EI

Post-COVID asthenic syndrome (PCAS) is still the subject of active study. The study was aimed to assess the effects of systemic ozone therapy used to complement drug therapy on plasma levels of TNFα, IL1β, IL6 and parameters of mental status in patients with PCAS. Two randomized groups of patients with PCAS (n = 140, age 18–45) were assessed and treated: patients of the index group (n = 70) received systemic ozone therapy in addition to drug therapy; patients of the comparison group (n = 70) received drug therapy without systemic ozone therapy. Plasma levels of TNFα, IL1β, IL6 were measured and the patients’ mental status was assessed using the MFI-20, MoCa, ISI, HARS, and CGI-S scores before and after treatment. After the end of therapy (on day 30) the TNFα, IL1β, IL6 levels reported for the index group showed no significant differences from the values reported for the control group (р > 0.05) and were lover, than the values of the comparison group by 39% (р = 0.003), 33.3% (р = 0.022), and 36.1% (р = 0.012), respectively. The changes in mental status were also more pronounced in the index group, than in the comparison group: the average final MFI-20 score was lower by 36.7% (р = 0.001), ISI by 50.5% (р < 0.001), HARS score by 45.8% (р = 0.001), while MoCa score was higher by 10.9% (р = 0.046), respectively. In the index group, the number of patients with “no disease” based on CGI-S was 94.2%, while in the comparison group it was 62.9% (р = 0.001). In our study adding systemic ozone therapy to drug therapy in patients with PCAS allowed us to achieve normalization of the TNFα, IL1β, IL6 levels and complete reduction of PCAS clinical manifestations in 94.2% of cases. Thus, the use of systemic ozone therapy can be considered as one of the effective and pathogenetically substantiated strategies for combination treatment of patients with PCAS in outpatient settings.

Received: 2024-07-02

Published online: 2024-08-27

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.034

Comments 0

VIEWS 1836

Koniaeva AD, Varakuta EYu, Leiman AE, Kormashov GM, Fedosova MV, Bolbasov EN, Stankevich KS

Prevention of fibrosis during the oral mucosal wound regeneration is a pressing issue of today’s surgical dentistry. The study was aimed to perform morphological assessment of the effects of biocompatible piezoelectric membranes on fibrous tissue formation during regeneration of the oral mucosal wounds. We assessed cell–cell interactions of macrophages and fibroblasts, along with changes in the CD68 and TGFβ1 marker expression and their effects on the development of fibrosis under conditions of using biocompatible polymeric membranes with piezoelectric properties at various stages of the oral mucosal wound defect regeneration. Comparative morphological assessment of the oral mucosal structures was conducted in animals having intact mucosa (n = 15), having open wound defects (n = 15), and having wounds covered with biocompatible piezoelectric membranes (n = 15). Biomaterial was collected from the wound defect site on days 3, 7, and 12 of the experiment; collection of biomaterial from intact animals was performed on the same days. In the group, where biocompatible membranes were used, signs of proliferation phase at the defect site were detected as early as on day 3 of the study; the faster shift from macrophage infiltration to fibroblast infiltration, the decline in inflammatory response were detected on day 7; restoration of the numerical density of macrophages and fibroblasts to the intact values was detected on day 12. The expression of CD68 and TGFβ1, the prognostic markers of fibrosis, was lower in the group, where no membranes were used. Reduction of the dense fibrous connective tissue specific area was observed at the microscopic level, severe soft tissue deformation was reported at the macroscopic level. In the group with no wound covering, extensive cell infiltration and increased CD68 and TGFβ1 expression persisted throughout the experiment, which resulted in the fact that specific area of dense fibrous connective tissue was larger, than that of loose connective tissue, on day 12 of the study, as well as in the cicatricial soft tissue deformities.

Received: 2024-06-18

Published online: 2024-08-26

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.033

Comments 0

VIEWS 1472

Marzol EA, Dvornichenko MV, Mitryaikin NS, Aparshev NA

Polycaprolactone as a material used when constructing nanocomposite structures is sufficiently studied in terms of therapeutic effect and safety of use. However, its biocompatibility in the form of three-dimensional carrier macrochambers is still a matter of debate due to changes in the way the 3D printing is done. The study was aimed to determine biocompatibility of the diffusion chamber made of polycaprolactone after implantation in the rat femoral neurovascular bundle. The study involved mature male Wistar rats. Animals of group 1 (experimental, n = 4) underwent implantation of the polycaprolactone diffusion chamber in the femoral neurovascular bundle. Group 2 (control, n = 3) included intact rats. Macroscopic assessment revealed no abnormalities at the site of implantation and in the target organs. Tissue microscopy revealed no systemic response; the number of binucleated hepatocytes was 1.05%. The stromal–parenchymal relationship values were as follows: liver — 1/33.20, adrenal glands — 1/19.53, kidney — 1/23.65, spleen — 1/26.52. On day 40, hemogram showed the increase in lymphocyte counts by 4%, the decrease in segmented neutrophil counts by 17% and monocyte counts by 17%. These findings confirm safety of using the polycaprolactone diffusion chamber and its biocompatibility when installed in the large neurovascular bundle. However, the effects of polycaprolactone degradation products require more extensive study over the longer periods of biointegration.

Received: 2024-06-27

Published online: 2024-08-19

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.032

Comments 0

VIEWS 1404