Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Vagner VD, Sarf EA, Belskaya LV, Korshunov AS, Kuryatnikov KN, Bondar AA, Meloyan AD, Maksimenko KA, Kasiy MN

Oral fluid is a valuable substrate for assessing dental health and other aspects of physical status. New methods for early diagnosis and prognosis of dental diseases on the basis of oral fluid composition are in constant demand. Excessive fluoride concentrations, often oversighted by dental therapists, negatively affect organs and tissues of the oral cavity. This study aimed at development and approbation of a method for reliable measurement of fluoride ions in oral fluid by capillary electrophoresis to be used in patients with dental diseases. The fluoride ion concentrations were measured in health (2.16 ± 0.48 mg/L), in isolated acute pericoronitis (15.2 ± 2.7 mg/L) and in acute pericoronitis combined to multiple caries (18.9 ± 4.2 mg/L). By post-operative day 3, fluoride levels in the group with isolated acute pericoronitis dropped to normal values (2.28 ± 0.52 mg/L), whereas in the group with acute pericoronitis combined to multiple caries fluoride levels remained high (8.7 ± 1.9 mg/L; р < 0.0001). The developed protocol is efficient for studying fluoride ion concentrations in isolated and combined dental diseases.

Received: 2022-08-12

Published online: 2022-08-29

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.042

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VIEWS 2526

Gavisova AA, Shevtsova MA, Kindysheva SV, Starodubtseva NL, Frankevich VE, Nazarenko TA, Dolgushina NV

Androgen concentrations in follicular fluid samples collected from patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) may provide useful clinical indicators. This study aimed to analyze possible associations of the androgen levels in follicular fluid and blood plasma in patients with diminished ovarian reserve (POR) in IVF programs. Cross-sectional study with a parallel group design, conducted in 2019–2021, enrolled 300 patients with infertility, aged 18–42 years, applying for assisted reproduction involving IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer. The androgen profiles of blood plasma and follicular fluid were determined by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Androgen concentrations in blood plasma and follicular fluid, particularly those of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA-S), androstenedione and total testosterone, significantly correlated. The results implicate androgen levels in blood plasma and follicular fluid as early markers of POR in patients with infertility.

Received: 2022-07-29

Published online: 2022-08-19

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.041

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VIEWS 3085

Soldatov VO, Pokrovskiy MV, Puchenkova OA, Zhunusov NS, Krayushkina AM, Grechina AV, Soldatova MO, Lapin KN, Bushueva OYu

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key driver of neurodegeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the protective potential of EPOR/CD131 (heterodimeric erythropoietin receptor) stimulation in the neurodegeneration caused by rotenone-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. The effects of erythropoietin (EPO) and an EPO mimetic peptide pHBSP were assessed using in vivo and in vitro models. Single injections of 10 µg/kg EPO or 5 µg/kg pHBSP significantly alleviated the degeneration of ganglion cells of the retina in a rotenone-induced retinopathy in rats (p < 0.05). Consistently, in vitro exposure of rotenone-treated murine primary neuroglial cultures to 500 nM EPO or pHBSP significantly rescued the survival of the cells (p < 0.005). The observed enhancement of LC3A, ATG7, Beclin-1, Parkin and BNIP3 mRNA expression by EPOR/CD131 agonists implicates the autophagy and mitophagy activation as a plausible mitoprotective mechanism.

Received: 2022-07-11

Published online: 2022-08-12

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.040

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VIEWS 2991

Radygina TV, Petrichuk SV, Kuptsova DG, Potapov AS, Illarionov AS, Anushenko AO, Kurbatova OV, Semikina EL

The regulation of TNF inhibitor therapy-associated immune responses in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in children remains an urgent problem. The study aimed at analyzing the expression of CD39/CD73 endonucleotidases by different subsets of peripheral blood T cells in children with IBD including Crohn's disease (n = 34) and ulcerative colitis (n = 33) having received TNF inhibitors in comparison with conditionally healthy children (n = 45). Lymphocyte subsets including regulatory T cells (Treg, CD4+CD127lowCD25high), activated T cells (Tact, CD4+CD25+CD127high) and Th17 cells (CD4+CD161+CD3+) were studied by flow cytometry. The results are presented as medians (Me) and quartiles (Q25–Q75). In children with IBD the highest and the lowest relative counts of CD39+ cells were found in Treg and Tact subsets — 31% (15–38) and 4% (1–7), respectively. The highest relative counts of CD73+ cells were found in Tact — 13% (8–21). The CD39 and CD73 expression ratio in patients with IBD, and in the control group as well, depended on particular subset. CD39 expression in Treg, Tact and Th17 of patients with IBD was not age-dependent. Patients with acute Crohn's disease revealed decreased expression of CD39 in Treg compared with the control group (12% (9–23) vs 35% (28–39), respectively; р = 10–6). Patients with Crohn's disease in remission revealed increased expression of CD39 in Treg compared with the acute of the disease (31% (27–40) vs 12% (9–23); р = 9.4 × 10–5). Patients with Crohn's disease in remission revealed no significant differences with the control group apart from reduced expression of CD73 by Treg in Crohn's disease. The results indicate significant association of CD39 and CD73 expression levels in particular subsets of CD4+ cells with the phase of the disease (acute vs remission) and, accordingly, with the anti-TNF regimen efficacy.

Received: 2022-06-22

Published online: 2022-07-31

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.039

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VIEWS 3184

Starodubtseva NL, Eldarov CM, Kirtbaya AR, Balashova EN, Gryzunova AS, Ionov OV, Zubkov VV, Silachev DN

The prognosis in neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) depends on early differential diagnosis for justified administration of emergency therapeutic hypothermia. The moment of therapy initiation directly affects the long-term neurological outcome: the earlier the commencement, the better the prognosis. This review analyzes recent advances in systems biology that facilitate early differential diagnosis of HIE as a pivotal complement to clinical indicators. We discuss the possibilities of clinical translation for proteomic, metabolomic and extracellular vesicle patterns characteristic of HIE and correlations with severity and prognosis. Identification and use of selective biomarkers of brain damage in neonates during the first hours of life is hindered by systemic effects of hypoxia. Chromatography– mass spectrometry blood tests allow analyzing hundreds and thousands of metabolites in a small biological sample to identify characteristic signatures of brain damage. Clinical use of advanced analytical techniques will facilitate the accurate and timely diagnosis of HIE for enhanced management.

Received: 2022-07-06

Published online: 2022-07-29

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.038

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VIEWS 2690

Fursov VV, Zinchenko DI, Namestnikova DD, Kuznetsov DA

The search for effective pharmacophores to treat ischemic stroke is precipitated by the prevalence and high mortality of the condition. Optimization of preclinical scenarios for promising neuroprotectants by mathematical modeling using up-to-date computational platforms is a well-defined and urgent task. This study aimed to develop a drug-oriented model represented by an ordinary differential equation system to study pharmacokinetics of 25Mg2+-releasing porphyrin-fullerene nanocationite PMC16 in silico using MATLAB and adjust computating model's adequatness using in vivo rat model. The developed five-compartment model predicts the distribution of nanoparticles in organs and tissues (e.g. the brain, the heart and the liver) for the purpose of experimental parameters optimization. The in silico produced pharmacokinetic curves show good agreement with the data obtained using in vivo rat model of ischemic stroke. The in silico and in vivo results indicate that PMC16 nanoparticles effectively cross the blood-brain barrier.

Received: 2022-07-05

Published online: 2022-07-22

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.037

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VIEWS 2622

Savelieva GM, Breusenko VG, Kareva EN, Golukhov GN, Gutorova DS, Ovchinnikova AV, Ivanovskaya TN, Shcherbatyuk KV

The limited efficacy of hormone therapy for endometrial proliferative process (EPP) in postmenopausal patients and its side effects on the immune system functionalities have not been studied in detail. Here we assess the feasibility of hormone therapy for EPP in postmenopausal patients through evaluation of estradiol and progesterone receptor gene expression in endometrial tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The study enrolled 92 postmenopausal patients with EPP, including 37 pts with glandular-fibrous polyps, 7 pts with non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia (EH), 8 pts with atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH), 31 pts with moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and 9 pts with highly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The PBMC isolates and endometrial samples were tested for ER⍺, ERβ, mER, PRA, PRB, mPR and PGRmC1 expression by reverse real time polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). Differential changes in PBMC receptor profiles upon in vitro exposure to progesterone or mifepristone were determined for patients with endometrial polyps and healthy women. The results indicate elevated expression of ERα, ERβ, PRA, PRB, mPR and PGRmC1 by endometrial tissues in EH and elevated expression of mER, ER⍺ and PRA by PBMC in AEH, apparently reflecting suppressed functionalities of monocytes, macrophages, Т-cells and natural killer cells. Unaltered expression of the studied genes by PBMC in endometrial adenocarcinoma may reflect the incrementing tumor autonomy. In vitro, mifepristone inhibited ER⍺, ERβ, mPR, PGRmC1, PRA and PRB expression in PBMC isolated from patients with endometrial polyps. We suppose that such effects can mitigate the negative influence of sex steroid hormones on immunocompetent cells.

Received: 2022-05-18

Published online: 2022-06-28

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.036

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VIEWS 2570

Chalenko YM, Abdulkadieva MM, Safarova PV, Kalinin EV, Slonova DA, Yermolaeva SA

The virulence of gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes depends on its capacity to infect non-professional phagocytes and proliferate inside them. Listerias monocytogenes captured by mononuclear phagocytic cells during the infectious process are resistant to lysosomal digestion and can proliferate inside macrophages. Internalin B (InlB), one of the key pathogenicity factors of L. monocytogenes, interacts with mammalian receptors c-Met and gC1q-R. For epithelial cells, such interactions with surface receptors promote activation of these receptors and cytoskeletal remodeling, which leads to massive bacterial invasion into nonprofessional phagocytes. For macrophages, by contrast, nothing is known about the role of InlB in their interactions with L. monocytogenes apart from the fact that both receptors are abundantly expressed by macrophages and participate in the development of immune reactions. This study aimed at determination of the potential role of InlB in the interactions between L. monocytogenes and macrophages. We found that 1) InlB expression promoted a significant 3.5-fold increase in the rates of L. monocytogenes capture by macrophages; 2) the 24 h fold increase in bacterial number inside macrophages constituted 182.5 ± 16.7, 96 ± 12 and 13.3 ± 3 for EGDe∆inlB, EGDe and EGDe∆inlB::pInlB strains, respectively; 3) the EGDe∆inlB::pInlB strain, complemented with a plasmid copy of inlB, produced InlB at 3.3fold higher rates than the type strain EGDe. We conclude that InlB negatively affects the survival of listeria inside macrophages. The results enable advanced understanding of the host-pathogen interactions for L. monocytogenes.

Received: 2022-05-11

Published online: 2022-06-24

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.034

Comments 0

VIEWS 2816