Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

Scopus

SCImago Journal & Country Rank

Log In Registration RU

Gavryushin MYu, Sazonova OV, Gorbachev DO, Borodina LM, Frolova OV, Tupikova DS

The proportion of obese and overweight children is alarmingly high. This dictates the need for promoting healthy lifestyle and eating habits in children. Summer camps provide a wide range of activities to improve children’s health. However, methods used to assess children’s nutritional status during a camp session need to be analyzed in depth, and a rationale should be provided for the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and anthropometric measurements as efficacy criteria for summer camp healthcare. We examined 125 boys and 221 girls aged 8–15 years spending their summer holidays at 3 different camps. Measurements were taken twice: on days 1 and 2 upon arrival to a camp and 2 days before leaving for home. In each camp, both positive and negative health weight dynamics were observed. The overall weight dynamics in children from camps 1 and 2 were statistically insignificant (p = 0.415 and p = 0.585), in contrast to camp 3 where those changes were significant (p = 0.025). BIA revealed that less than 44.34% of children had gained skeletal muscle mass during their stay at the camp, whereas weight loss was associated with both decreased fat and skeletal muscle masses. BIA confirms the results of anthropometric measurements and also provides information about the diet offered to children and their level of physical activity. Therefore, the use of anthropometric measurements and BIA could be an informative method for assessing the efficacy of healthcare in summer camps.

Received: 2018-12-10

Published online: 2019-04-12

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.024

Comments 0

VIEWS 4453

Berihanova RR, Minenko IA

In perimenopausal women, the frequency of thyroid diseases and metabolic syndrome (MS) increases. In this work, the effect of non-drug correction programs for menopausal disorders on the structural and functional state of the thyroid gland in patients with MS was evaluated. For that, five groups of women (330 people total) aged 45–50 years with climacteric syndrome (CS) against the background of MS were examined. For the index group and the experimental groups the following was used: basic treatment, exercise therapy, drinking balneotherapy, additional oral intake of multivitamins and minerals, as well as physical therapy — vibrotherapy, chromotherapy, music therapy, aromatherapy, aeroionotherapy in various combinations. In the control group, only basic treatment was used. The levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (free T4) in serum were determined, a sonographic study of the thyroid gland was performed. According to the study results, the use of correction programs using physical therapy methods improved the functioning parameters of the pituitary-thyroid system in the surveyed patients. In women with moderate-severity CS, the best results were obtained while simultaneously using all the mentioned above physiotherapy methods: during the transition period the TSH decreased by 6.5%, during the postmenopausal period — by 5.6%, the level of free T4 increased by 6.5% and 6,6% respectively (р < 0.05, applied to both parameters). It can be concluded that non-drug programs, including physical therapy, have a protective effect on the thyroid gland function. In case of moderate-severity climacteric syndrome, the program with simultaneous use of vibrotherapy, chromotherapy, music therapy, aromatherapy, aeroionotherapy has priority.

Received: 2018-10-16

Published online: 2019-04-11

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.023

Comments 0

VIEWS 4528

Ganin IP, Kosichenko EA, Sokolov AV, Ioannisyanc OM, Arefev IM, Basova AYa, Kaplan AYa

Brain-computer interface based on the P300 wave (P300 BCI) allows activating a given command according to the electroencephalogram (EEG) response to a predetermined relevant stimulus. The same algorithm enables detecting a subjectively important item (i.e., one triggering emotional response) in an environment even without actively drawing attention to it. Such systems allow assessing the personal significance of certain information, which can be used in the diagnostics of disorders of emotional perception or value system, e.g., eating disorders. This study aimed to investigate the EEG responses of anorexia nervosa patients (diagnosis F50.0, n = 12, age 11–16 years) to the stimuli with different perceived emotional significance, as well as to validate application of P300 BCI to detect the focus of attention to subjectively important stimuli. The inclusion criteria were: diagnosed anorexia nervosa (diagnosis F50.0); active rehabilitation. We registered the EEG while presenting images with different content to the patients. The event-related potentials (ERP) were detected and analyzed with the help of MATLAB 7.1 (MathWorks; USA). Statistica 7.0 software (StatSoft; USA) was used for statistical analysis of the data. We have discovered that in passive viewing paradigm, images of body parts of emaciated people among other images caused ERP with higher amplitude than images of food. Moreover, the accuracy of detection was higher for images of body parts: 89% against 59%, respectively. Thus, we have proven the validity of applying P300 BCI to detect covert emotional foci of attention and added to the existing knowledge about the mechanisms of development of anorexia nervosa.

Received: 2018-10-08

Published online: 2019-04-10

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.022

Comments 0

VIEWS 5298

Morrison VV, Bozhedomov AYu

Burn injuries kill thousands of people. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of systemic inflammatory response parameters, endothelial dysfunction markers and hemostasis impairment in patients with thermal burn injuries. The study was conducted in 51 patients aged 16 to 80 years presenting with moderate to severe thermal burns. The systemic inflammatory response was assessed based on the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), a number of interleukins (IL6, IL12), the С-reactive protein, and the monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (МСР-1). Hemostatic impairments were inferred from the results of coagulation tests that measured the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), the prothrombin index (PI), the prothrombin time (PT) and the platelet count. Endothelial dysfunction was analyzed based on the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), total endothelin (TE) and circulating endothelial cells. The dynamics of the listed parameters were studied over 45 days following the injury. Endothelial dysfunction markers peaked on days 3–15 (VEGF 828.9 ± 993.2 pg/mL, TE 3.0 ± 1.7 fmol/mL, CEC 6.4 ± 6.0 • 104/l, IL6 264.4 ± 131.2 pg/mL, TNFα 41.4 ± 111.9 pg/ml, C-reactive protein 128.3 ± 52.4 nmol/mL). Coagulation was significantly impaired during the same period (APTT 41.4 ± 17.7 s, PI 83.6 ± 15.4%, PT 22.3 ± 10.0 s). By day 30–35, blood concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and inflammation mediators had declined (TNFα 3.9 ± 9.6 pg/mL, IL6 49.0 ± 35.9 pg/mL, С-reactive protein 81.9 ± 341 nmol/ml); in that phase, the coagulation potential was continuing to decrease (APTT 51.8 ± 34.1 s, PI 82.9 ± 19.4%, PT 24.9 ± 21.4 s). The study demonstrates that damage to the endothelium results from both injured tissue breakdown and inflammation mediators. The risk of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications is the highest on days 7 through 15 following thermal injury. Further research is needed to study the mechanisms of endothelial damage in patients with thermal burns.

Received: 2018-12-28

Published online: 2019-04-08

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.021

Comments 0

VIEWS 4611

Lychagin AV, Garkavi AV, Meshcheryakov VA, Kaykov VS

Osteoarthritis is a condition that mostly affects the elderly population and tends to be localized to the knee joint. At old age, active treatment options are limited by co-morbidities and a higher risk for surgical complications. Therefore, the search for strategies that could become a temporary alternative to knee replacement is a pressing concern. The aim of this study was to analyze how justifiable is total knee replacement in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis and to propose a less aggressive therapeutic alternative to this surgery. The study included 178 patients over 60 years of age with clinically established knee osteoarthritis who had been previously recommended knee replacement but chosen not to undergo it. The choice of a treatment strategy tested in the study was based on the original grading scale for the evaluation of the knee joint dislocation syndrome. The treatment consisted of therapeutic arthroscopy and intraarticular injections of hyaluronic acid and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The data were processed in Statistica 12. Data analysis revealed that 39.3% of the participants did not have compelling indications for knee replacement. The proposed combination therapy with intraarticular PRP injections and arthroscopy allowed all the patients to delay knee replacement for at least a year; unaided by arthroscopy, intraarticular injections worked well for only 40%.

Received: 2018-09-13

Published online: 2019-04-06

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.020

Comments 0

VIEWS 4676

Grigoryan RK, Filatov DB, Kaplan AYa

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies are actively used in clinical practice to communicate with patients unable to speak and move. Such interfaces imply identifying potentials evoked by stimuli meaningful to the patient in his/her EEG and interpreting these potentials into inputs for the communication software. The stimuli can take form of highlighted letters on a screen, etc. This study aimed to investigate EEG indicators and assess the command input performance of a promising type of BCI utilizing the so-called code-modulated visual evoked potentials (CVEP) appearing in response to a certain sequence of highlights of the desired letter. The operation of the interface was studied on 15 healthy volunteers. During the experiments, we changed the speed of stimuli demonstration and inverted the order of flashing. It was established that the optimal speed of stimulation significantly depends on individual traits of the person receiving the stimuli, and inversion of their sequence does not affect operation of the interface. The median accuracy of selection of commands was as follows: 1 s stimulation cycle mode — 0.96 and 0.95 (information transfer rate 142 and 141 bit per minute); 2 s stimulation cycle mode — 1; 0.5 s cycle — 0.33. The evoked potentials were most expressed at the Oz site. It was assumed that CVEP-based brain-computer interfaces can be optimized through individualization of the set of stimulation parameters.

Received: 2018-07-29

Published online: 2019-04-05

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.019

Comments 0

VIEWS 6261

Slavyanskaya TA, Salnikova SV

Cancer incidence rates are growing at an alarming pace pressing for the development of innovative personalized approaches to treating this disease. The absence of clinical symptoms in the early stages delays the onset of adequate treatment. Traditional therapies are not always as effective as they should be and do not guarantee long-lasting relapse-free survival. Metastatic cancers pose a particular challenge to healthcare professionals. This review touches upon the immunologic mechanisms underlying the development of malignancies, talks about conventional and innovative therapeutic modalities, such as targeted, gene or specific immunotherapies, and analyzes the literature on the use of different approaches that form a basis for precision oncology.

Received: 2018-08-24

Published online: 2019-03-31

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.018

Comments 0

VIEWS 5080

In the journal Bulletin of the Russian State Medical University (July – August 2018/04, p. 32–38), mistakes were made in the article: https://vestnikrgmu.ru/archive/2018/4/4/abstract?lang=en Kleymenov DA, Verdiev BI, Enenko AA, Guschin VA, Tkachuk AP. Performance of the original workstation for aerosol tests under controlled conditions. Bulletin of RSMU. 2018; (4): 32–8. DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2018.053 The editors ask for the following changes: Printed by: p. 32, "Funding" This work was supported by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation as part of the project The National System for Chemical and Biological Security of the Russian Federation (2015-2020) and by the Ministry of Education and Science as part of the project RFMEFI60117X0018. It should be: This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science within the framework of the project RFMEFI60117X0018.

Received: 2019-01-13

Published online: 2019-03-16

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.017

Comments 0

VIEWS 3897