Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Tsyplenkova VG, Suslov VB, Oettinger AP

On the material of endomyocardial and intraoperation biopsies from patients with noncoronarogenic heart diseases (dilated and diabetic cardiomiopathies, paroxysmal arrhythmia, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia) on semithin and ultrathin sections there was studied myocardial microcirculation bed. By morphometry there was found the decrease of capillaries density of myocardial bed, degenerative changes in endothelial cells and microthrombosis. It was supposed that these changes are the factors of progression of heart failure.

Received: 2014-05-27

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 3937

Kruglikov GG, Likhacheva LM, Suslov VB, Stranzha NB, Oettinger AP

In chronic inflammation in the lungs (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tuberculosis, pneumoconiosis) there were revealed by the method of electron microscopy structural and functional features in granuloma cells (leukocytes, macrophages, plasmatic and corpulent cells) performing the protective function, as well as in stationary, long-lived smooth myocytes, in endothelial membranes of the bronchial tubes, blood vessels and nerve endings. The inflammatory process covers all the departments of respiratory portions.

Received: 2014-04-21

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4050

Lysenko EP, Potapenko AYa

Psoralens combined with UVA-irradiation (320–400 nm) are used for the treatment of skin and autoimmune diseases (PUVA-therapy). One possible mechanism of therapeutic and side phototoxic effects of PUVA-therapy can be realized through the stage of formation of psoralen photooxidation products (POP-products). In the present paper, the mechanisms of formation of two types of POP-products are discussed. POP1-products are predominantly formed in solutions at low psoralen concentration and/or under low fluence rate of UVA-irradiation. These POPi-products possess immunosuppressive activity and are detected by spin trap EPR method. POP2-products are formed under high fluence rate of UVA-irradiation and/or at high psoralen concentration. They possess hemolytic activity and are detected by Fe(ll)-induced chemiluminescence. The influence of Fe(ll)-ions on POP-induced membranotoxic effects is discussed.

Received: 2014-06-06

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 3754

Shirikorad VI, Peterson SB, Chulkova SV, Volodin DI, Kapustin VV, Egorova AV, Lepkova NN, Benevsky AI

The paper is devoted to a review and one of the actual topics of oncology — diagnosis of locally advanced prostate cancer. It provides the current status of the problem and highlights the major debated parties of the issue. The article describes the main methods of diagnosis: digital rectal examination, prostate specific antigen study, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, biopsy of the prostate.

Received: 2013-09-18

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 3711

Titov KS, Demidov LV, Shubina Izh, Khaylenko VA, Kiselevskiy MV, Vikhrova AS

The study evaluated clinical efficacy and safety of the use of cells antitumor immunotherapy methods — vaccines based on autologic dendritic and allogenic LAK-cells in combination with recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2). The clinical study involved cancer patients with skin melanoma of grades III-IV and patients with metastatic effusions resistant to systemic chemotherapy. The data led to the conclusion of safety, immune competence and reasonable effectiveness of DC-based vaccines in therapeutic and prophylactic schemes in patients with skin melanoma. The results showed that intra-cavity IL-2/LAK-immunotherapy was highly effective and well tolerated in treatment of patients with metastatic effusions.

Received: 2014-02-06

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 3835

Nasyrova NI, Ozolinya LA, Borisova MS, Askerova NG

The article presents a review of literature on the use of the «Da Vinci» surgical robot when conducting gynecological and oncogynecological surgeries. The experience of a few authorial collectives which have analyzed the use of robot assisted surgeries concerning the endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, hysteromyoma and the tubal pathology is discussed and compared to the similar surgeries performed without a robot by a laparoscopic or laparotomic access. The results of the comparative analysis have shown that the use of the robotics significantly improves the quality of the surgery and there is a decrease in loss of blood, pain syndrome during the postsurgical period as well as the time spent in the in-patient department. On the other hand, without proper experience the duration of the surgery becomes longer and the cost of the surgery goes up, considering the high cost of the materials used. However, as noted by the authors, after fifty successfully performed operations conducted by the robot their duration reduces and becomes comparable with the traditional operations, and the cost of the materials used is going to go down in the near future. That is why this method of surgical treatment in gynaecology considered as a progressive and perspective one.

Received: 2014-01-20

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 3756

Makarov OV, Morozova KV, Goncharova VS, Lutsenko NN

Miscarriage still occupies a leading place among the main problems of medicine. In recent decades, special attention is paid to the system of genetic predictors of miscarriage. Special ferments are responsible for catecholamines exchange in the body, one of which is the catechol-o-methyltransferase, functional activity of which is genetically determined. DNA excision reparation system with the participation of the enzyme 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase maintains the original structure of DNA, which is very important for the homeostasis of the organism. In our study we conducted genotyping of 274 patients for the presence of polymorphism of rs4680 gene COMT and polymorphism of rs1052133 gene OGG1 and determined their impact on the course of pregnancy. It was found that carriage of A/A and G/A rs4680 genotypes of COMT gene and G/G and C/G rs1052133 genotypes of OGG1 gene was associated with an increased risk of miscarriage.

Received: 2014-01-15

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 3749

Novikova VA, Chernobay EG, Autleva SA, Aseeva EV, Torosyan KE, Kamenskikh GV, Glebova EV

At 35.6 ± 1.12 weeks of gestation there was performed the preinduction of labor with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) in 50 women. It was performed using an analogue of prostaglandin E2. Preinduction of labor efficiency for initiation of delivery in the absence of significant deterioration in perinatal outcomes was achieved in 84 % of cases. There were identified objective ways to evaluate the dynamics of the transformation of the cervix by ultrasound monitoring, depending on the method of preinduction of labor in women with preterm pregnancy and PROM. There was performed the analysis of features of utero-fetus-placental hemodynamics, uterine activity during preinduction of labor in women with PROM at 34–36 weeks gestation.

Received: 2014-01-14

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 3792