Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Gamidov SI, Polivoda MD, Krasova OM, Popova AYu, Dubova EA, Pavlov KA

The aim of the study was to estimate the effect of the level and duration of the obstruction of the seminal tract on the morphological and functional state of the testicular tissue. 50 adult outbreed male laboratory rats were observed in the study. The rats were divided into 4 groups: 1 — vas deferens obstruction proximally, 2 — vas deferens obstruction distally, 3 — epididymis obstruction, 4 — controls (intact animals). The testes and epididymis were removed in 3 and 6 months for histological examination. Testicular volume and spermatogenesis status decreased in all groups. Also, these changes depend on the level and duration of the obstruction of the seminal tract.

Received: 2015-02-04

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4178

Anosov AK, Belakina NS

Therapeutically important cyclooxygenase-mediated unsaturated fatty acids oxidation stimulation in the isolated rabbit leukocytes during and after UV irradiation in the absence of Ca2+ in the incubation media was studied. It was shown that (1) photoinduced activation of the cyclooxygenase-dependent unsaturated fatty acids oxidation in the rabbit leukocytes is maximal after irradiation of the cells by UVC radiation in the dose 1,28 x 102 einstein/m2 with following incubation during 60 min at 37 °C; (2) photoinduced activation of the cyclooxygenase-dependent unsaturated fatty acids oxidation in the rabbit leukocytes is accompanied by inhibition of these cells chemiluminescence responses to forbol-12-miristate-13-acetate stimulation.

Received: 2015-11-11

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4204

Egorov ES, Israelson MA, Kasatskaya SA, Chudakov DM, Lukyanov SA

Over the past few years the High Throughput Sequencing technologies have become well established in modern biology and medicine. Fundamentally new opportunities for genome sequencing and in-depth analysis of various DNA and RNA libraries have been discovered. However, new technologies come with new pitfalls such as limitations in obtaining valid qualitative and quantitative data in the in-depth analysis of complex libraries. A clear understanding of these limitations is necessary for the accurate interpretation of the collected data as well as for the search for technological solutions to minimize their impact. The following review shows how molecular barcoding helps normalize samples efficiently and eliminate PCR and sequencing errors while preserving the actual diversity of libraries in the course of HTS analysis of complex libraries.

Received: 2015-09-28

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4880

Shibaeva AV, Aymadinova NK, Trubnikova EV, Kuznetsova TV, Zorina OA, Kudykina YK, Shevelev AB

In a real-time polymerase chain reaction-based assay with a Dentoflor kit Prevotella intermedia, a periodontal pathogen, was found to be present in 55 % of patients with chronic periodontitis. This percantage is significantly lower than the corresponding statistic for Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsuthensis and Treponema denticola. In addition, hypercolonization of periodontium by P. intermedia was detected in 7.7 % of patients in the control group. This suggests that P. intermedia hypercolonization is an important prognostic factor indicating the severity of periodontal disease. The abnormal increase in P. intermedia is rarely a result of a monoinfection. Compared to other “red complex” pathogens, this species is more likely to co-occur with P. gingivalis, T. forsythensis and T. denticola, which leads to the most severe forms of chronic periodontitis. Unlike other “red complex” pathogens, P. intermedia showed no significant difference in occurrence and the degree of periodontal damage in male and female individuals with equal colonization levels.

Received: 2015-09-13

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4845

Daykhes NA, Reshulskiy SS, Vinogradov VV, Akopyan KV, Karneeva OV

The aim of the study is to improve the efficiency of surgical treatment of patients with advanced cicatricial stenosis of the larynx and cervical trachea. The paper presents the experience of treatment of patients with cicatricial stenosis of the larynx and cervical trachea having sidewalls laringotraheostomy deficit after the first stages of reconstructive operations. A comparative analysis of treatment outcomes of patients with such pathology different in the choice of used reconstructive material (autocartilage, allocartilage, xenomaterial material based on polytetrafluoroethylene) has been performed. There is given a comparative assessment of the material used for the reconstruction of the side and front walls of the larynx and cervical trachea. There are described complications and ways to overcome them in the performance of reconstructive operations of the said anatomical area.

Received: 2014-11-25

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4477

Laberko EL, Bogomilsky MR

The article presents a literature review of recent data on the functioning of mucociliary clearance. The main unresolved up today and still in dispute questions about the mechanisms of work's regulation, identification of a key link and the formation of pathological changes in the process are given. Also there are described the continued at the present time works and perspective studies of the possibility of positive influence on the functioning of mucociliary clearance. The data obtained in the future will lead to the development and implementation in practical health of the techniques to improve the affected transport function of ciliated epithelium in a number of diseases.

Received: 2014-11-21

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4384

Bogoroditskaya AV, Sarafanova ME, Radtsig EYu, Prityko AG

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) take 86.9 % of all congenital face malformations. Often the conductive hearing loss develops due to the otitis media with effusion in children with this pathology. There are not enough data about the state of the middle ear and hearing function in children with CLP in different periods of childhood. The aim of the study was to evaluate these indicators in children operated on for CLP in the first year of life in different periods of childhood. As a result of a comprehensive survey of 28 children it was found that the problem with the middle ear was preserved in that group of patients, despite the early stages of surgical treatment of the congenital malformation and the courses of the conservative therapy aimed at restoring the function of the auditory tube. It was made a conclusion about the necessity for the dynamic observation by a physician otolaryngologist of such patients in different periods of childhood, even in the absence of complaints from the middle ear and good results in the study of the state of the tympanic cavity and hearing at the time of another scheduled inspection.

Received: 2014-10-21

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4548

Polunin MM, Klendar KV, Zaitseva OV

Nasal endoscopy investigation in children aged from 2 till 14 years was made by various endoscopes (flexible — in infants and rigid — with an angle of view of 0° and 30° in older children). At survey the attention was paid to the change of color, hypostasis, a hypertrophy of a mucous cavity of a nose, degree of adenoids, their prelying to choana or prolapse in posterior parts of the nasal cavity, obstruction of pharyngeal mouths of auditory tubes. The conclusion was made that timely diagnostics including nasal endoscopy allows to determine the causes leading to the development of an adenoiditis and to choose the optimum personalized scheme of treatment in each case.

Received: 2014-11-28

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4225