The results of the study of the effectiveness of personalized immunotherapy in children with hypertrophy of II–III degree adenoid vegetations are presented in the article. It was established, that application of autologous complex of immunopeptides including cytokines and antimicrobial peptides produced by white blood cells of the patients, led to the normalization of nasal breathing, a reduction in the frequency of otitis and of respiratory viral infections at 6 months observation after the treatment. There were identified individual differences in gene expression of molecules of the innate immunity in the mucosa of the nasal cavity, what provides the personalized approach to immunotherapy.