ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Correlation of microembolism risk factors with age in the ischemic stroke recovery period

About authors

Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia

Correspondence should be addressed: Ekaterina Vladimirovna Orlova
Ostrovityanova, 1/10, k. А8-008, Moscow, 117513, Russia; moc.liamg@kylhs.aniretake

About paper

Funding: State Assignment No. 388-00083-22-00 of 30.12.2021, research project No. 122022100113-7 of 21 February 2022

Author contribution: Orlova EV — literature review, manuscript writing, working with the database, analysis of the results; Berdalin AB — working with the dataset, statistical processing of the results, part in writing the results and the discussion; Lelyuk VG — study planning and management, search for sources of funding, manuscript editing.

Compliance with ethical standards: the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal Center of Brain and Neurotechnologies of FMBA of Russia (protocol № 01/24-10-22 of 24 October 2022); the informed consent was submitted by all study participants.

Received: 2022-10-28 Accepted: 2022-11-29 Published online: 2022-12-12
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Identification of the age-related features of interaction between the risk factors of microembolism can improve understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of ischemic stroke (IS). The study was aimed to assess the effects of age and other risk factors of stroke on the biophysical characteristics of microembolic signals (MES) recorded during the ischemic stroke recovery period. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) involving microembolus detection (MED) was performed in 515 people, the data of 28 patients having a history of ischemic stroke, among them 9 women (32%) and 19 men (68%) aged 33–78 (average age 58 ± 13 years), were included in the study. Using the mixed-effects linear model it was found that age and interaction between age and atrial fibrillation affected the power of MES. The increase in the power of the recorded MES with age is observed, that is especially evident in patients with atrial fibrillation (р < 0.0005). As for cardioembolic IS variant, the power and duration of MES turn out to be significantly higher in elderly patients (p < 0.0005). The power of MES gradually increases with age in patients with no atherosclerosis and gradually decreases in patients with atherosclerosis, while MES power in patients with atherosclerosis in general (all age groups) is significantly higher (р < 0.0005) than that observed in patients with no atherosclerosis.

Keywords: ischemic stroke, atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, age, microembolism

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