2022 / 06

Next Paper
DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.058

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Correlation of microembolism risk factors with age in the ischemic stroke recovery period

Orlova EV, Berdalin AB, Lelyuk VG
About authors

Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia

Correspondence should be addressed: Ekaterina Vladimirovna Orlova
Ostrovityanova, 1/10, k. А8-008, Moscow, 117513, Russia; moc.liamg@kylhs.aniretake

About paper

Funding: State Assignment No. 388-00083-22-00 of 30.12.2021, research project No. 122022100113-7 of 21 February 2022

Author contribution: Orlova EV — literature review, manuscript writing, working with the database, analysis of the results; Berdalin AB — working with the dataset, statistical processing of the results, part in writing the results and the discussion; Lelyuk VG — study planning and management, search for sources of funding, manuscript editing.

Compliance with ethical standards: the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal Center of Brain and Neurotechnologies of FMBA of Russia (protocol № 01/24-10-22 of 24 October 2022); the informed consent was submitted by all study participants.

Received: 2022-10-28 Accepted: 2022-11-29 Published online: 2022-12-12
|
  1. Bazan R, Luvizutto GJ, Braga GP, et al. Relationship of spontaneous microembolic signals to risk stratification, recurrence, severity, and mortality of ischemic stroke: a prospective study. Ultrasound J. 2020; 12 (1): 6.
  2. Liu WS, Zhu SF, Liu WF, Li GL, Jiang HQ. Relationship between microemboli in the internal carotid artery and the occurrence of ischemic stroke after transient ischemic attack. J Clin Neurosci. 2013; 20 (10): 1366–70.
  3. Yan J, Li Z, Wills M, Rajah G, Wang X, Bai Y, Dong P, Zhao X. Intracranial microembolic signals might be a potential risk factor for cognitive impairment. Neurol Res. 2021; 43 (11): 867–73. DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2021.1939488. Epub 2021 Aug 19. PMID: 34409926.
  4. Das AS, Regenhardt RW, LaRose S, Monk AD, Castro PM, Sheriff FG, et al. Microembolic Signals Detected by Transcranial Doppler Predict Future Stroke and Poor Outcomes. J Neuroimaging. 2020; 30 (6): 882–9. DOI: 10.1111/jon.12749. Epub 2020 Jul 10. PMID: 32648610; PMCID: PMC7721963.
  5. Best LM, Webb AC, Gurusamy KS, Cheng SF, Richards T. Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Detection of Microemboli as a Predictor of Cerebral Events in Patients with Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Carotid Disease: A Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2016; 52 (5): 565–80. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2016.05.019.
  6. Skvorcova VI, Kolcova EA, Kimelfeld EI. Sravnitel'nyj analiz faktorov riska i patogeneticheskix variantov ishemicheskogo insul'ta v molodom i pozhilom vozraste. Chelovek i ego zdorov'e. 2012; 3: 81–87. Russian.
  7. Brambatti M, Connolly SJ, Gold MR, Morillo CA, Capucci A, Muto C, et al. Temporal relationship between subclinical atrial fibrillation and embolic events. Circulation. 2014; 129 (21): 2094–9.
  8. Cho H, Kim T, Song IU, Chung SW. The Prevalence of Microembolic Signals in Transcranial Doppler Sonography with Bubble Test in Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Ultrasound Med. 2022; 41 (2): 439–46.
  9. Migdady I, Russman A, Buletko AB. Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Stroke: A Clinical Review. Semin Neurol. 2021; 41 (4): 348–64.
  10. Healey JS, Amit G, Field TS. Atrial fibrillation and stroke: how much atrial fibrillation is enough to cause a stroke? Curr Opin Neurol. 2020; 33 (1): 17–23.
  11. Maida CD, Norrito RL, Daidone M, Tuttolomondo A, Pinto A. Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms in Ischemic Stroke: Focus on Cardioembolic Stroke, Background, and Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci. 2020; 21 (18): 6454. Published 2020 Sep 4. DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186454.
  12. Pistoia F, Sacco S, Tiseo C, Degan D, Ornello R, Carolei A. The Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke. Cardiol Clin. 2016; 34 (2): 255–68.
  13. Haeusler KG, Tütüncü S, Schnabel RB. Detection of Atrial Fibrillation in Cryptogenic Stroke. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2018; 18 (10): 66.
  14. Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, et al. ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J. 2016; 37: 2893–962.
  15. Spence JD. Stroke: Atrial fibrillation, stroke prevention therapy and aging. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2009; 6 (7): 448–50. DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2009.98. PMID: 19554003.
  16. Kumral E, Balkir K, Uzuner N, Evyapan D, Nalbantgil S. Microembolic signal detection in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic lone atrial fibrillation. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2001; 12 (3): 192–6.
  17. Ringelstein EB, Droste DW, Babikian VL, Evans DH, Grosset DG, Kaps M, et al. Consensus on microembolus detection by TCD. International Consensus Group on Microembolus Detection. Stroke. 1998; 29 (3): 725–9. DOI: 10.1161/01.str.29.3.725. PMID: 9506619.
  18. Dmytriw AA, Dibas M, Schirmer CM, et al. North American Neurovascular COVID–19 (NAN–C) Consortium. Age and Acute Ischemic Stroke Outcome in North American Patients With COVID-19. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021; 10 (14): 021046.
  19. George MG. Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke in Younger Adults: A Focused Update. Stroke. 2020; 51 (3): 729–35. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.024156. Epub 2020 Feb 12. PMID: 32078487; PMCID: PMC7112557.
  20. Shaik TA, Haseeb M, Faisal S, et al. Impact of Catheter Ablation on Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis. Cureus. 2022; 14 (9): e29202. Published 2022 Sep 15. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29202.
  21. Sajeev JK, Kalman JM, Dewey H, Cooke JC, Teh AW. The Atrium and Embolic Stroke: Myopathy Not Atrial Fibrillation as the Requisite Determinant? JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2020; 6 (3): 251–61. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2019.12.013.
  22. Kamel H, Soliman EZ, Heckbert SR, Kronmal RA, Longstreth WT Jr, Nazarian S, et al. P-wave morphology and the risk of incident ischemic stroke in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Stroke. 2014; 45 (9): 2786–8.
  23. Keach JW, Bradley SM, Turakhia MP, Maddox TM. Early detection of occult atrial fibrillation and stroke prevention. Heart. 2015; 101 (14): 1097–102.
  24. Ronsoni RM, Saffi MAL, Gonçalves MVM, Nakayama IH, Luz Leiria TL. A New Vision at the Interface of Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021; 8: 689313. Published 2021 Aug 9. DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.689313.
  25. Adams HP Jr, Bendixen BH, Kappelle LJ, Biller J, Love BB, Gordon DL, et al. Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment. Stroke. 1993; 24 (1): 35–41. DOI: 10.1161/01.str.24.1.35. PMID: 7678184.
  26. Park JH, Chung JW, Bang OY, et al. Atherosclerotic Burden and Vascular Risk in Stroke Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Stroke. 2021; 52 (5): 1662–72.