ISSN Print 2500–1094
ISSN Online 2542–1204
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)
Copyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee: Pirogov University.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY).
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY).
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
LIF and sLIFr alterations during reconvalescence (novel coronavirus infection, influenza) in patients with essential hypertension
About authors
1 National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
2 State Research and Development Institute of High Purity Biologicals of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Correspondence should be addressed: Olga A. Radaeva
Ulyanov, 26а, Saransk, 430032, Russia; ur.liam@demaveadar
About paper
Funding: the study was supported by the RSF grant “Analysis of changes in circadian rhythms of cytokine synthesis in the blood of patients with essential arterial hypertension as a predictor of the development of cardiovascular complications”, No. 23-25-00147.
Author contribution: Radaeva OA — developing the study design, analysis of the results, manuscript formatting; Simbirtsev AS — phrasing of the aim of the study, manuscript editing; Kostina YuA — laboratory testing, manuscript formatting; Iskandyarova MS — literature review, manuscript editing; Negodnova EV — literature review, patient follow-up; Solodovnikova GA — statistical data processing; Eremeev VV — manuscript editing; Krasnoglazova KA, Babushkin IO — statistical processing of the 6-month follow-up data.
Compliance with ethical standards: the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Ogarev Mordovia State University (protocol No. 12 dated 14 December 2008, additional protocol No. 85 dated 27 May 2020). The informed consent was submitted by all patients. Biomaterial (blood) was collected for further testing considering provisions of the WMA Declaration of Helsinki (2013) and the protocol of the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine developed by the Council of Europe (1999) considering supplementary protocol of the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine in the field of biomedical research (2005).
Received: 2024-11-28
Accepted: 2025-02-18
Published online: 2025-02-26
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Fig. 1. Study design
Fig. 2. ROC curve characterizing the likelihood of developing acute CVA within a year after COVID-19 as a function of sLIFr levels reported at 19:00–20:00 on days 10–14 of post-COVID period in patients with stage II EH (primary infection)
Table 1. Blood levels of LIF and sLIFr (pg/mL) in patients with stage II EH on days 10–14 of reconvalescence after primary COVID-19, COVID-19 re-infection, and influenza
Note: * — р ˂ 0.001 when compared with the specified phases (the Wilcoxon test was used).
Table 2. Blood levels of LIF and sLIFr (pg/mL) in individuals without EH on days 10–14 of reconvalescence after primary COVID-19, COVID-19 re-infection, and influenza
Table 3. LIF, sLIFr levels depending on the fact of developing acute CVA within a year after COVID-19 in patients with EH (2020–2021, after infection with the Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 variant)
Table 4. Blood levels of LIF and sLIFr (pg/mL) in patients with stage II EH (12 individuals) on days 10–14 of reconvalescence after COVID-19, influenza, and vaccination
Note: * — р ˂ 0.001 when compared with the specified groups (3 — levels at 7:00–8:00, 4 — 12:00–13:00, 5 — 19:00–20:00, 6 — 23:00–1:00).
Table 5. Blood levels of LIF and sLIFr (pg/mL) in healthy people (6 individuals) on days 10–14 of reconvalescence after COVID-19, influenza, and vaccination
Note: * — p ˂ 0.001 when compared with the specified groups (3 — levels at 7:00–8:00, 4 — 12:00–13:00, 5 — 19:00–20:00; 6 — 23:00–1:00).
