Memory in all the variety of the types and processes ensuring its functioning has a psychotherapeutic resource that is realized when working with manifestations of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). One of these is obsessive repetitive memories with traumatic content. The study aimed to look into reconsolidation of early memories in reliving the traumatic experience of participation in combat. The total sample size was 62 individuals (males aged 21–46 years). The experimental group included 31 respondents with combat experience having the status of war veterans (the average period of participation was 1 year and 5 months). The control group consisted of 31 respondents with no combat experience. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale, set of functional neuropsychological tests (“10 Words” by A.R. Luria, "Pictograms" method by A.R. Luria, "Difficult-to-Verbalize Figures" by T.V. Akhutina, "Rhythm Reproduction Test" by A.R. Luria), analysis of the transcripts of audio recordings of early memories were used. It has been reliably found that the early memory of a positive, negative or neutral modality resulting from the influence of combat experience is changed through the reconsolidation mechanism, which is reflected in the linguistic and semantic parameters. The linguistic and semantic structure of the combat veterans’ early memories is characterized by the event-based model, with a predominance of verbs and adverbs. The semantic core of the combat veterans’ early memories is more often negatively colored, despite the general ambivalent or positive modality.