Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

SCImago Journal & Country Rank

Log In Registration RU

Soldatenko AA, Gumenyuk LN, Berdieva DM, Ponomarchuk EI

Post-COVID asthenic syndrome (PCAS) is still the subject of active study. The study was aimed to assess the effects of systemic ozone therapy used to complement drug therapy on plasma levels of TNFα, IL1β, IL6 and parameters of mental status in patients with PCAS. Two randomized groups of patients with PCAS (n = 140, age 18–45) were assessed and treated: patients of the index group (n = 70) received systemic ozone therapy in addition to drug therapy; patients of the comparison group (n = 70) received drug therapy without systemic ozone therapy. Plasma levels of TNFα, IL1β, IL6 were measured and the patients’ mental status was assessed using the MFI-20, MoCa, ISI, HARS, and CGI-S scores before and after treatment. After the end of therapy (on day 30) the TNFα, IL1β, IL6 levels reported for the index group showed no significant differences from the values reported for the control group (р > 0.05) and were lover, than the values of the comparison group by 39% (р = 0.003), 33.3% (р = 0.022), and 36.1% (р = 0.012), respectively. The changes in mental status were also more pronounced in the index group, than in the comparison group: the average final MFI-20 score was lower by 36.7% (р = 0.001), ISI by 50.5% (р < 0.001), HARS score by 45.8% (р = 0.001), while MoCa score was higher by 10.9% (р = 0.046), respectively. In the index group, the number of patients with “no disease” based on CGI-S was 94.2%, while in the comparison group it was 62.9% (р = 0.001). In our study adding systemic ozone therapy to drug therapy in patients with PCAS allowed us to achieve normalization of the TNFα, IL1β, IL6 levels and complete reduction of PCAS clinical manifestations in 94.2% of cases. Thus, the use of systemic ozone therapy can be considered as one of the effective and pathogenetically substantiated strategies for combination treatment of patients with PCAS in outpatient settings.

Received: 2024-07-02

Published online: 2024-08-27

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.034

Comments 0

VIEWS 440

Koniaeva AD, Varakuta EYu, Leiman AE, Kormashov GM, Fedosova MV, Bolbasov EN, Stankevich KS

Prevention of fibrosis during the oral mucosal wound regeneration is a pressing issue of today’s surgical dentistry. The study was aimed to perform morphological assessment of the effects of biocompatible piezoelectric membranes on fibrous tissue formation during regeneration of the oral mucosal wounds. We assessed cell–cell interactions of macrophages and fibroblasts, along with changes in the CD68 and TGFβ1 marker expression and their effects on the development of fibrosis under conditions of using biocompatible polymeric membranes with piezoelectric properties at various stages of the oral mucosal wound defect regeneration. Comparative morphological assessment of the oral mucosal structures was conducted in animals having intact mucosa (n = 15), having open wound defects (n = 15), and having wounds covered with biocompatible piezoelectric membranes (n = 15). Biomaterial was collected from the wound defect site on days 3, 7, and 12 of the experiment; collection of biomaterial from intact animals was performed on the same days. In the group, where biocompatible membranes were used, signs of proliferation phase at the defect site were detected as early as on day 3 of the study; the faster shift from macrophage infiltration to fibroblast infiltration, the decline in inflammatory response were detected on day 7; restoration of the numerical density of macrophages and fibroblasts to the intact values was detected on day 12. The expression of CD68 and TGFβ1, the prognostic markers of fibrosis, was lower in the group, where no membranes were used. Reduction of the dense fibrous connective tissue specific area was observed at the microscopic level, severe soft tissue deformation was reported at the macroscopic level. In the group with no wound covering, extensive cell infiltration and increased CD68 and TGFβ1 expression persisted throughout the experiment, which resulted in the fact that specific area of dense fibrous connective tissue was larger, than that of loose connective tissue, on day 12 of the study, as well as in the cicatricial soft tissue deformities.

Received: 2024-06-18

Published online: 2024-08-26

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.033

Comments 0

VIEWS 355

Marzol EA, Dvornichenko MV, Mitryaikin NS, Aparshev NA

Polycaprolactone as a material used when constructing nanocomposite structures is sufficiently studied in terms of therapeutic effect and safety of use. However, its biocompatibility in the form of three-dimensional carrier macrochambers is still a matter of debate due to changes in the way the 3D printing is done. The study was aimed to determine biocompatibility of the diffusion chamber made of polycaprolactone after implantation in the rat femoral neurovascular bundle. The study involved mature male Wistar rats. Animals of group 1 (experimental, n = 4) underwent implantation of the polycaprolactone diffusion chamber in the femoral neurovascular bundle. Group 2 (control, n = 3) included intact rats. Macroscopic assessment revealed no abnormalities at the site of implantation and in the target organs. Tissue microscopy revealed no systemic response; the number of binucleated hepatocytes was 1.05%. The stromal–parenchymal relationship values were as follows: liver — 1/33.20, adrenal glands — 1/19.53, kidney — 1/23.65, spleen — 1/26.52. On day 40, hemogram showed the increase in lymphocyte counts by 4%, the decrease in segmented neutrophil counts by 17% and monocyte counts by 17%. These findings confirm safety of using the polycaprolactone diffusion chamber and its biocompatibility when installed in the large neurovascular bundle. However, the effects of polycaprolactone degradation products require more extensive study over the longer periods of biointegration.

Received: 2024-06-27

Published online: 2024-08-19

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.032

Comments 0

VIEWS 358

Gasanbekova AP, Frankevich NA, Chagovets VV, Dolgopolova EL, Novoselova AV, Karapetyan TE, Mamedova GE, Frankevich VE

The features of polyamine and amino acid metabolism play a key role in the cellular processes, and the search for their role as prognostic and diagnostic (assessment of fetal condition severity) markers in obstetrics can contribute to improvement of perinatal outcomes in fetal growth restriction (FGR) syndrome, both isolated and combined with early onset preeclampsia (PE). The study was aimed to determine the features of polyamine and amino acid levels associated with placentaassociated pregnancy complications. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used to determine blood levels of polyamines and amino acids in 156 pregnant women divided into the following groups: with FGR — 48 pregnant women, with early onset PE — 56 pregnant women, control group — 52 somatically healthy women having no pregnancy complications. As a result, we managed to distinguish significant differences in these metabolites, depending on the obstetric complication (PE or FGR), and to determine correlations of those with a number of clinical data. We revealed a strong negative correlation between the increasing fetal condition decompensation in FGR and the length of the newborn’s hospital stay for the PE and FGR groups, as well as between the levels of 1,7-diaminoheptane polyamine (r = –0.78, CI = –0.92 – ‒0.37, p = 0.002; r = –0.76, CI = –0.95 – 0.23, p = 0.003) and proline amino acid and the increasing fetal condition decompensation in FGR (r = –0.56, CI = –0.86 – –0.034, p = 0.03). Considering the diversity and complexity of metabolic pathways responsible for adaptation in the context of hypoxic damage, the results obtained suggest that regulation of amino acids and polyamines is coordinated. Metabolic pathways of low molecular weight antioxidants, proline and polyamines, are associated with clinical pregnancy outcomes in FGR and early-onset PE.

Received: 2024-06-21

Published online: 2024-08-15

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.031

Comments 0

VIEWS 395

Bondareva EA, Leonov GE, Parfenteva OI, Arutiunian AA, Bevziuk NA, Kovaleva ON, Gadzhiakhmedova AN, Shemyakov SE, Kulemin NA

Quantification of the subcutaneous and visceral fat depot in the abdominal region is a promising method to assess individual risk of cardiometabolic disorders and estimate the efficacy of certain drugs. The local bioimpedance analysis (BIA) represent a new promising method for separate quantification of two fat depots in the abdominal region. The method combines high accuracy, low cost, and noninvasiveness. The study was aimed to analyze the relationships between the impedance estimates obtained in the local BIA lead and the complex of anthropometric and biochemical characteristics in males and females. A total of 147 females and 42 males aged 18–73 years were assessed. To estimate subcutaneous fat, we used the local BIA lead (АВС-02 Medass) in accordance with the earlier proposed electode placement scheme. Local impedance (Z50sc, Ohm) was recorded using the АВС-02 Medass software. The correlation analysis revealed significant correlations of Z50sc with the waist-to-height ratio, insulin concentration, body fat percentage, and HOMA-IR. Markers of the risk of cardiometabolic diseases (abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and body fat percentage) are associated with the increased Z50sc values. The results of ROC analysis with the insulin resistance index (AUC 0.79 [0.72; 0.84], p < 0.000) make it possible to consider Z50sc a promising marker of the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. The differences between subgroups are confirmed by both statistical significance and large effect size.

Received: 2024-05-31

Published online: 2024-08-07

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.030

Comments 0

VIEWS 518

Smirnova TG, Andreevskaya SN, Ustinova VV, Larionova EE, Kiseleva EA, Chernousova LN, Ergeshov A

The diagnosis of mycobacterial co-infection is one of the pressing public health issues. The study was aimed to determine discriminatory power of multiplex PCR used for species identification when detecting mixed mycobacterial populations. The study involved model samples representing the mixtures of DNA of two mycobacterial species with the ratios of 1 : 1, 1 : 9, 1 : 99, and 1 : 999 and different total DNA concentrations (103 gEq/mL to 106 gEq/mL). The model samples were assessed using the multiplex PCR-based AmpliTube-RV-Differentiation kit (Syntol LLC; Russia). It has been shown that the kit is capable of detecting the mixtures of mycobacterial species with high discriminatory power. The discriminatory power of real-time PCR used for analysis of the mixture of DNA of two mycobacterial species depended on the total DNA content in the sample and varied between 0.1% for high-rate samples (total DNA concentration 106 gEq/mL) and 50% for low-rate samples (total DNA concentration 103 gEq/mL) and corresponded to the amount of DNA of the species in the sample of at least 5 × 102 gEq/mL. When the amount of DNA of each species in the mixture was at least 5 × 102 gEq/mL, the results of PCR test for detection of co-infection did not depend on the mucobacterial species contained in the mixture, which should be taken into account when analyzing PCR results.

Received: 2024-06-21

Published online: 2024-08-04

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.029

Comments 0

VIEWS 380

Nikishina VB, Petrash EA, Yunina-Pakulova NYu, Lukyanov ES

The relevance of the reported study results from the need to clearly define the target of psychological impact in combatants with amputated limbs. The time perspective being an integral characteristic ensures the life experience integrity: all life events are intertwined within the boundaries of the past, present and future. The study was aimed to assess the time perspective structure in combatants with amputated limbs. The sample consisted of 78 males aged 20–53 years, who had combat experience and underwent treatment or rehabilitation after getting injured. The study involved the use of the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PostTraumatic Stress Disorder, Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, method for event-based reconstruction of a person’s time perspective by V.B. Nikishina and E.A. Petrash, SR-45 method by P.I. Yunatskevich, infantilism inventory by A.A. Seregin. The factor structure of time perspective in combatants with amputated upper limbs includes the factor of non-reflexive future, factor of limited time perspective, and the situational and behavioral risk factor. In cases of amputated lower limbs, the situational future factor, past orientation factor, and situational and behavioral risk factor are represented. In cases of no amputated limbs, the combatants’ time perspective structure includes the factor of reflexive future perspective, factor of limited present fatalistic, and past orientation factor.

Received: 2024-06-24

Published online: 2024-07-31

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.028

Comments 0

VIEWS 367

Nakonechnaya TO, Shagina IA, Myshkin MYu, Mutovina ZYu, Ryazantseva EV, Chudakov DM, Turchaninova MA, Britanova OV

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of connective tissue and damage to various organs, including joints, skin, kidneys and heart. The disease has a significant gender predisposition and is more common in women. The pathogenesis of SLE is based on a violation of immunological tolerance, accompanied by activation of B lymphocytes and the production of autoantibodies. Recent advances in basic research have significantly deepened the understanding of the immunopathogenetic mechanisms of SLE, which justifies the use of new pharmacotherapeutic approaches. These approaches involve the use of biological drugs aimed at blocking the activity of type I interferon (IFN) or its receptors. The article discusses the molecular mechanisms of activation of the interferon response in SLE, modern methods for diagnosing the interferon signature, and new approaches to treatment aimed at blocking the interferon pathway. The possible role of the interferon signature in the stratification of SLE patients is also discussed. Such stratification will make it possible to more effective select treatment regimens taking into account the individual characteristics of the immune response of each patient. This may increase the effectiveness of treatment, reduce the likelihood of side effects and improve the prognosis for patients with SLE.

Received: 2024-06-24

Published online: 2024-06-30

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2024.027

Comments 0

VIEWS 522