Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Stepanenko IS, Yamashkin SA, Kostina YuA, Slastnikov ED, Batarsheva AA

The antimicrobial activity of novel compounds is tested by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration of the agent in question and investigating a few other parameters, including the type of antimicrobial action the drug exhibits. The aim of this study was to determine the type of antimicrobial action of the compounds synthesized from the substituted benzaminoindoles. The strain of Staphylococcus aureus АТСС 6538-Р was briefly exposed to the compounds with laboratory codes 5D, 7D, HD, and S3. Bacterial growth was evaluated macroscopically under transmitted light. Additionally, photoelectric colorimetry was applied to monitor changes in the optical density of the culture medium. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the studied compounds delayed bacterial growth for 2–3 days and had a bacteriostatic effect on S. aureus.

Received: 2018-11-21

Published online: 2019-04-21

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.030

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VIEWS 4942

Tlustenko VP, Bayrikov IM, Trunin DA, Komlev SS, Zhestkov AV, Lyamin AV

The problem of complications arising after dental implantation is still relevant. The aim of the work was to investigate the effect of various types of removable appliances and dental implants on the oral microbiocenosis during orthopedic treatment of 64 people: 12 patients of the first index group, 40 patients of the second index group and 12 people of the control group. 6 months after the implants were installed, as a result of a microbiological study of the oral cavity, the differences were found in the qualitative composition of the microflora of the mucous membrane around the neck of the dental implant. In the first index group representatives of normal microflora prevailed. In 100% of cases Streptococcus vestibularis was isolated, from more than half patients S. oralis, S. mitis, Rothia mucilaginosa were isolated, S. gordonii was isolated from one patient. In the second index group, a significant diversity of microbial species was observed, including enterobacteria, which were isolated from 22.5% of the examined patients. In the control group, in addition to representatives of the normal microflora of the oral mucosa S. vestibularis (75.5%), S. oralis (50.0%), Neisseria subflava (66.7%) and Haemophylus parainfluenzae (50.0%) were found. From all patients of the control groups S. gordonii was isolated, as well as the other potentially pathogenic streptococci species, S. anginosus and S. constellatus by 66.7%. The type of removable appliances and dental implants used affects the microflora composition of the oral cavity, and, consequently, the further prognosis and the risk of complications. Collapsible dental implant supported removable prosthetic appliances with a metal frame and fixing elements, telescopic crowns and clasps less than other types of prosthetic appliances change the qualitative composition of the microflora of the oral mucosa around the neck of the dental implant.

Received: 2019-01-27

Published online: 2019-04-18

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.029

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VIEWS 5009

Kliuchnikova AA, Moshkovskii SA

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a common mechanism of post-transcriptional modification in many metazoans including vertebrates; the process is catalyzed by adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs). Using high-throughput sequencing technologies resulted in finding thousands of RNA editing sites throughout the human transcriptome however, their functions are still poorly understood. The aim of this brief review is to draw attention of clinicians and biomedical researchers to ADAR-mediated RNA editing phenomenon and its possible implication in development of neuropathologies, antiviral immune responses and cancer.

Received: 2018-08-13

Published online: 2019-04-16

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.028

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VIEWS 4715

Ivashchenko AV, Yablokov AE, Fedyaev IM, Tlustenko VP, Rotin NE, Tugushev VV

Accuracy is a common challenge in dental implant placement. A successful clinical outcome is largely determined by accurate positioning of the implant at the prepared site and proper angulation. This study aimed to compare the divergence between the axes of the implants installed using a classic freehand technique. Cartesian coordinates of implant necks were determined on the CT images of 34 patients in the XOY (horizontal) plane, followed by the coordinates of implant apices. The obtained data were submitted to the original software developed by the authors (patent 2018661716) that automatically computed an angle between the insertion axes of the installed implants. We found that in 87% of cases, this angle was significantly greater (up to 27°) than recommended by implantation dentistry guidelines (7°). In 100% of the studied cases, the implants were not parallel; in sector 1, the deviation was 27° 4`.

Received: 2018-10-26

Published online: 2019-04-15

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.027

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VIEWS 4866

Petrukhina NB, Zorina OA, Shikh EV, Kartysheva EV, Kudryavtsev AV

In this paper, we propose a model for predicting the risk of severe chronic generalized periodontitis (GCP) in patients with metabolic syndrome based on the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the periodontal pocket exudate. The analysis of oral cavity cytokine profiles conducted in 537 patients with GCP and comorbid metabolic syndrome showed that increased TNF-α correlated with the severity of GCP: higher levels of TNF-α were observed in patients whose condition was more severe. The prognostic model built in Statistica. 10 allowed us to use TNF-α as a prognostic criterium for GCP severity. We determined the cut-off point above which a high risk of severe GCP can be concluded with 91.2% sensitivity and 70.8% specificity. The spreadsheet in Microsoft Exсel 2010 automatically computed the risk of severe GCP from a patient’s TNF-α concentrations in the PP, which makes the model convenient for routine clinical use in dentistry.

Received: 2018-09-24

Published online: 2019-04-14

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.026

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VIEWS 4945

Tlustenko VP, Bayrikov IM, Trunin DA, Gusyakova OA, Komlev SS

An objective assessment of the morphofunctional characteristics of the state of soft tissues and bone structures adjacent to the dental implant allows to control the dynamics of the processes of osseointegration in the jaw-dental implant system. The aim of the work was to investigate the level of the β-CrossLaps, С-reactive protein (CRP), osteocalcin markers after orthopedic treatment of patients using dental implant supported advanced dental restoration technologies, to perform a biochemical analysis of the oral fluid of patients after restoration using dental implants and new two-part dental implants. In patients of the index group (52 people), the removable prostheses with metal frame and fixing elements or the commercially available dental implant supported removable prostheses were installed. For the patients of the control group (12 people), the commercially available dental implant supported removable prostheses of acrylic plastics were constructed. For all the patients after 6 months the level of β-CrossLaps, CRP, osteocalcin markers in the oral fluid was analysed. In patients of the index group, the average content of β-CrossLaps was 0.0126 ± 0.002 ng/ml, in the control group it was 0.0147 ± 0.002 ng/ml. The average content of the CRP in patients of the index group was 0.358 ± 0.019 mg/l, in patients of the control group it was 0.78 ± 0.01 mg/l. In patients of the index group, the average content of osteocalcin was 1.46 ± 0.25 ng/ml, in the control group it was 1.98 ± 0.31 ng/ml. It has been shown that biochemical markers of the oral fluid can be used to predict complications after the dental implants installation. Restoration with two-part dental implants of modern design is associated with fewer complications.

Received: 2018-11-27

Published online: 2019-04-13

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.025

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VIEWS 4909

Gavryushin MYu, Sazonova OV, Gorbachev DO, Borodina LM, Frolova OV, Tupikova DS

The proportion of obese and overweight children is alarmingly high. This dictates the need for promoting healthy lifestyle and eating habits in children. Summer camps provide a wide range of activities to improve children’s health. However, methods used to assess children’s nutritional status during a camp session need to be analyzed in depth, and a rationale should be provided for the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and anthropometric measurements as efficacy criteria for summer camp healthcare. We examined 125 boys and 221 girls aged 8–15 years spending their summer holidays at 3 different camps. Measurements were taken twice: on days 1 and 2 upon arrival to a camp and 2 days before leaving for home. In each camp, both positive and negative health weight dynamics were observed. The overall weight dynamics in children from camps 1 and 2 were statistically insignificant (p = 0.415 and p = 0.585), in contrast to camp 3 where those changes were significant (p = 0.025). BIA revealed that less than 44.34% of children had gained skeletal muscle mass during their stay at the camp, whereas weight loss was associated with both decreased fat and skeletal muscle masses. BIA confirms the results of anthropometric measurements and also provides information about the diet offered to children and their level of physical activity. Therefore, the use of anthropometric measurements and BIA could be an informative method for assessing the efficacy of healthcare in summer camps.

Received: 2018-12-10

Published online: 2019-04-11

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.024

Comments 0

VIEWS 4737

Berihanova RR, Minenko IA

In perimenopausal women, the frequency of thyroid diseases and metabolic syndrome (MS) increases. In this work, the effect of non-drug correction programs for menopausal disorders on the structural and functional state of the thyroid gland in patients with MS was evaluated. For that, five groups of women (330 people total) aged 45–50 years with climacteric syndrome (CS) against the background of MS were examined. For the index group and the experimental groups the following was used: basic treatment, exercise therapy, drinking balneotherapy, additional oral intake of multivitamins and minerals, as well as physical therapy — vibrotherapy, chromotherapy, music therapy, aromatherapy, aeroionotherapy in various combinations. In the control group, only basic treatment was used. The levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (free T4) in serum were determined, a sonographic study of the thyroid gland was performed. According to the study results, the use of correction programs using physical therapy methods improved the functioning parameters of the pituitary-thyroid system in the surveyed patients. In women with moderate-severity CS, the best results were obtained while simultaneously using all the mentioned above physiotherapy methods: during the transition period the TSH decreased by 6.5%, during the postmenopausal period — by 5.6%, the level of free T4 increased by 6.5% and 6,6% respectively (р < 0.05, applied to both parameters). It can be concluded that non-drug programs, including physical therapy, have a protective effect on the thyroid gland function. In case of moderate-severity climacteric syndrome, the program with simultaneous use of vibrotherapy, chromotherapy, music therapy, aromatherapy, aeroionotherapy has priority.

Received: 2018-10-16

Published online: 2019-04-10

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.023

Comments 0

VIEWS 4824