Original research Salt Intake and Heart Remodeling in Hypertensive Patients
Beloglazova IP, Mogutova PA, Poteshkina NG
The aim of the study was to estimate sodium intake (SI) level and to study the association between SI and heart geometry data in hypertensive patients. 49 hypertensive patients and 13 volunteers without cardiovascular diseases were examined. It was shown that SI is higher than the minimum level recommended by the WHO and the Russian Federation. A direct relationship between SI and heart geometry data in hypertensive patients and volunteers was proved. It was confirmed that the formation of hypertrophic processes implemented through the mechanisms of hemodynamic and non-hemodynamic factors.
Received: 2012-11-12
Published online: 2017-01-05
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VIEWS 4373
Original research Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Initial Stages of Carbohydrate Metabolism Disorders
Demidova IYu, Boeva VV
The aim is to study the influence of lifestyle modification and metformin in the early stages of carbohydrate metabolism — namely, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), the process of conversion of IFG in impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus type 2. 1136 people were examined. In order to diagnose the state of carbohydrate metabolism 494 subjects with risk factors for type 2 diabetes took an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 75 g of glucose. Among the 1136 people examined carbohydrate metabolism disorders were detected in 210 (18.5 %). All patients with IFG (n = 90) in the absence of contraindications were given metformin. Normalization of carbohydrate metabolism in 49.4 % (2008) and 60.9 % (2009) of cases among individuals with IFG, confirmed by OGTT with 75 g glucose, demonstrates the need for lifestyle modification and metformin to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes.
Received: 2012-11-26
Published online: 2017-01-05
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VIEWS 4508
Original research The Association of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism with the Development of Carbohydrate Metabolism Disorders
Roytberg GE, Dorosh JV, Aksenov EV, Sharkhun OO, Ushakova TI
The healthy patients (50 women and 42 men) with different genotypes of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene were studied. The influence of ACE gene l/D polymorphism on the insulin resistance progression was evaluated. The 5-year probability estimation of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in patients with different ACE gene genotypes was done. It was revealed that the most part of DD genotype patients had a latent hyperinsulinemia. The subjects with II genotype were more resistant to carbohydrate metabolism disorders, rather than DD genotype subjects. It was shown that the risk of all carbohydrate metabolism disorders was 3.9 times higher in DD vs. II genotype groups with a 95 % confidence interval from 1.06 to 14.3 (p = 0.041).
Received: 2012-10-17
Published online: 2017-01-05
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VIEWS 4397
Original research Metabolic Disordes in Elderly and Senile Patients
Tereshina EV, Pletneva OP, Yurina TM
Investigations of lipid and glucose metabolism in the frequency of the three types of dislipidemia, hyperinsulinemia and type 2 diabetes were held in the people aged 45–100 years. It was shown that the best prognosis for long living up to 90 years had those with normal lipid indices and women with hypercholesterolemia. Triglycerides metabolism disturbances in the aged men strikingly influence their longevity. The gender differences in the development of glucose metabolism disorders in various types of dislipidemias were revealed. It was proposed free fatty acids blood level to be a metabolic marker of aging.
Received: 2012-07-02
Published online: 2017-01-05
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VIEWS 4422
Original research Modern Diagnostics of Strangulated Form of Acute Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction
Shapovaliants SG, Larichev SE, Zhitareva IV, Babkova IV, Safarov AN
To improve the results of treatment of acute adhesive small bowel obstruction there was formulated and developed a new method for the diagnosis of a strangulation form of obstruction, based on the prognostic evaluation of routine clinical, laboratory and instrumental data. Retrospective analysis and estimation of the results of treatment of 274 patients with acute adhesive small bowel obstruction were performed. As a result of the comparative analysis of the two groups of patients — with obstructive (group 1 — 208 patients (75.9 %)) and strangulation (group 2 — 66 patients (24.1 %)) forms of obstruction there were identified 10 criteria and developed a predictive system which allowed to differentiate the form of the disease. With heterogeneous sequential analysis for each of the resulting diagnostic criteria there were calculated ratios and assigned points according to its differential diagnostic significance. As a result, there were identified three prognostic groups of patients — with high, medium and low risk of strangulation. System efficiency was 89.8 %.
Received: 2012-11-26
Published online: 2017-01-05
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VIEWS 4314
Miscellaneous Experience in Organizing the Provision of High-Tech Medical Care in Trauma and Orthopedics
Skoroglyadov AV, But-Gusaim AB, Sirotin IV, Pimenov AA, Krapivin AA, Stepanov NV, Rozaev VYu, Makushin YaE
The paper presents the experience of providing high-tech medical care — the hip replacement — in the Municipal clinical hospital of Moscow. The organizational measures directed on improving the efficiency of the hospital were described. Effectiveness of the measures was confirmed by the analysis of the results of treatment of 50 patients. There were described the directions of further improvement of the system.
Received: 2012-06-01
Published online: 2017-01-05
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VIEWS 4266
Original research Minimally Invasive Bone Autoplasty in the Treatment Minimally Invasive Bone Autoplasty in the Treatment of Patients with Nonunion Fractures and Pseudoarthrosis Long Bones
Skoroglyadov AV, Ataev EA
There were treated 51 patients with the delayed union and nonunions of gunshot genesis extremities. In the main group of 31 patients there was carried out bone autoplasty with the technology application, developed by the authors. Using minimally invasive techniques under the supervision of an electron-optical converter in the zone of the delayed union and nonunion, by the spoke there was introduced a flexible cannulated drill and rotary movements made cylindrical resection of scar tissue at the junction of the line break. The resulting cavity was filled with dense spongy tissue taken from the iliac crest. It is possible to reduce the period of hospital treatment by 2.6 times, and the terms of seam 1.5 times, compared with the control group.
Received: 2012-10-02
Published online: 2017-01-05
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VIEWS 4263
Original research Ultrasaund Criterias of Benign Ovarian Tumors during the Pregnancy
Gerasimova AA, Shvyrev SL, Shevchenko YuV, Gus AI, Klimenko PA
The sizes, compartments, wall thickness, contents quality, internal lining, presence of ovarian tissue, course of vessels and features of blood flow were studied in ovarian cysts/tumors in 197 pregnant women (12–39 weeks). Based on the clinical and ultrasound features with the help of statistical methods there were developed the most important criteria for the diagnosis of tumors and tumor-like formations of the ovaries during pregnancy.
Received: 2012-07-06
Published online: 2017-01-05
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VIEWS 4530