Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Shelkovnikova TV, Takhchidi KhP, Volkov AN, Shishlyannikova NYu

The number of patients with retinal venous occlusions is increasing, especially among young people. Often, they have revealed a genetic predisposition to thrombosis. Risk factors for thrombosis are genetic resistance to activated protein C (RAPC), genetic defect in factor V (FV Leiden) and the presence of lupus anticoagulant (LA). In this study we analyze the dependence of the various parameters of hemostasis in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) on the background of FV Leiden mutation and LA. A total of 150 patients (150 eyes) with RVO (mean age — 42 ± 10 years) were examined and divided into three groups. Group 1: patients with RVO, FV Leiden and LA (n = 12); group 2: patients with RVO and FV Leiden (n = 11) without LA; group 3: patients with RVO without FV Leiden and LA, selected from remaining 107 people for a comparable number of groups (n = 30). The control group was 50 people without RVO, but with hypertension. It was shown that RAPC index in patients with FV Leiden mutation and the LA has the less value (0,6 ± 0,01) on comparison to patients with RVO (1,50 ± 0,18) (p < 0,05). They also have enhanced V, VIII and von Willebrand factors and intravascular platelet activity. LA exacerbates endotheliosis in the microvasculature of the retina and in combination with FV Leiden mutation increases the thrombogenesis, participating in the pathogenesis of ischemic thrombosis of central retinal vein and its branches, which clinically manifested as retinal thrombo-hemorrhagic syndrome. The hemostasis regulation genes polymorphisms detection (as well as lupus anticoagulant detection) is recommended to clarify the diagnosis and selection of adequate therapy.

Received: 2016-11-28

Published online: 2017-01-19

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2016-06-08

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Kulikova EYu

Plagiarism is appropriation of someone else’s ideas, texts, images and other materials without acknowledging their author. It is a serious violation of publication ethics that once detected results in the retraction of the submitted article. It has a disastrous impact on the author’s reputation, because the publication is not removed from online databases, but stored there with a retracted publication tag. Plagiarism comes in different forms many of which still cannot be detected even by a special software; Plagiarism comes in different forms; the originality of an article is still assessed by peer reviewers and readers in the first place. Plagiarism can be unintentional. Most often, poor citation and reference style is typical of young researchers. To avoid unpleasant situations, authors are advised to use paraphrasing instead of merely copying and pasting fragments of texts. A verbatim use of a source requires quotation marks, references are expected to come right after the fragment borrowed from the original source; with multiple references (from 5 to 10) pointing to a single idea are bad style. Authors are advised to always double check basic information about the publication they specify in a reference. The first author and a corresponding author are expected to monitor the quality of their co-authors’ work. Full or partial copying of a previously published article by the same author is considered self-plagiarism and does not comply with the guidelines of the majority of academic journals.

Received: 2016-12-28

Published online: 2017-01-19

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2016-06-09

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Rebrikov DV, Tarasov VV

4P medicine is impossible without an efficient transfer of advanced laboratory techniques (such as regenerative cell technology, high-throughput sequencing, genome editing, etc.) into clinical practice. Translational Medicine — a new scientific field, designed to reduce the time of transfer of long-term achievements of fundamental scientific research in the development of innovative product applications. However, on the path of innovation in medicine, there are a number of natural barriers that do not allow to go to practice unsafe and ineffective products. The system of these barriers must be dynamic and up-to-date. As well as the education system for work at the "science–medicine" junction.

Received: 2016-12-20

Published online: 2017-01-19

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2016-06-01

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VIEWS 5346

Kuzikov AV, Bulko TV, Masamrekh RA, Makhova AA, Archakov AI, Usanov SA, Shikh EV, Shumyantseva VV

In this work, we have studied the effect of mildronate on the catalytic properties of cytochrome Р450 3А4. The analysis of the catalytic activity was carried out using electrochemical methods, with cytochrome Р450 3А4 immobilized on the electrode surface. In the presence of 50 μM mildronate, no increase was observed in the turnover number of cytochrome Р450 3А4-dependent N-demethylation of erythromycin. The values of the turnover number kcat calculated from the product formed by the reaction were 6.1 ± 0.6 min–1 (Р450 3А4 + erythromycin) and 5.5 ± 1.4 min–1 (Р450 3А4 + erythromycin + mildronate). Thus, electroanalysis of cytochrome Р450 3А4 catalytic activity demonstrated the possibility of a safe and effective complex drug therapy with concurrent administration of mildronate and the macrolide (erythromycin).

Received: 2016-11-28

Published online: 2017-01-19

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2016-06-02

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VIEWS 6135

Galimova ES, Khusnutdinova EK

The objective of this study is to analyze the associations of rs1554286 (+1547 C/T) polymorphism in IL10 gene and the risk of psoriasis development. DNA samples were collected from 273 patients with psoriasis and 298 healthy controls. Genotyping of rs1554286 polymorphic locus in IL10 gene was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using the CFX 96™ Real-Time Cycler (BioRad, USA). In the total sample of patients with psoriasis the association of rs1554286 T allele (OR = 0.72; 95 % CI 0.54–0.96) of IL10 gene and a lower risk of disease development was found. It was established that rs1554286 Т allele of IL10 gene (OR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.30–0.97) marks the lower risk of the disease development in patients with severe psoriasis. Besides the carriage of T allele and the heterozygous C/T rs1554286 genotype of IL10 gene reduces the risk of disease development in patients with type I psoriasis (OR = 0.69; 95 % CI 0.51–0.95; OR = 0.63; 95 % CI 0.43–0.93 respectively). The study identified the rs1554286 polymorphic locus in IL10 gene as a marker of a lower risk of psoriasis development in the Russian population of Volgo-Ural region.

Received: 2015-09-13

Published online: 2017-01-05

DOI:

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VIEWS 4982

Gankovskaya LV, Svitich OA, Khamaganova IV, Gyulaliev DM

The role of innate immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of localized scleroderma is still not understood. However molecules of innate immunity such as toll-like receptors and cytokines are increasingly seen as a driver for sclerosis development in patients with localized scleroderma. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of TLR2, HBD-1 and TNF-α genes both in the lesions and unaffected skin areas in patients with localized scleroderma. This study was real time PCR based. It enrolled 63 patients with localized scleroderma including 49 individuals with plaque morphea, 8 individuals with idiopathic atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini, and 6 individuals with co-occurring plaque morphea and lichen sclerosus. The control group consisted of 8 healthy donors. The study showed the imbalance of innate immune factors in the lesion areas with the reduction in TLR2 gene expression and increase in HBD-1 and TNF-α genes expression compared to healthy donors skin. These changes in the innate immune factors can indicate defects in the processes of pathogene and endogenous ligand recognition, local inflammation development as a result of increased TNF-α expression, and fibroblast activity mediated by a high level of HBD-1 antimicrobial peptide.

Received: 2015-09-11

Published online: 2017-01-05

DOI:

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VIEWS 4748

Bogomilsky MR, Svitich OA, Gankovskiy VA, Rakhmanova IV

In this study we examined expression levels of TLR2, TLR4, TLR9 genes and НBD1, HBD2 and HNP1 antimicrobial peptides genes, which are part of the innate immunity, in children with grade II and grade III adenoid hypertrophy and healthy children. The patients were divided into three groups: those with indications for conservative treatment (group I, 39 participants), those with prior adenoidectomy (group II, 38 participants) and healthy controls (33 participants). Clinical material was presented by epithelial cells scraped from nasal mucosa (group I and control group) and pharyngeal tonsils scrapes (group II). No significant difference in gene expression based on the type of biological material was observed. The expression levels of the genes inspected in group I did not differ significantly from those in the control group. Group II displayed a significantly increased expression of TLR2 and TLR4 genes (15.4 and 10.3 times respectively with p <0.05) in comparison with the control group, with TLR9 gene expression level being 5 times lower, HBD1 gene expression — 33.4 times lower, HBD2 gene expression — 21 times lower, HNP1 gene expression — 3.4 times lower. Such defects in defense mechanisms can lead to disease complications and be an additional indication for surgery.

Received: 2015-09-14

Published online: 2017-01-05

DOI:

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VIEWS 4828

Nazarova LSh, Danilko KV, Malievsky VA, Viktorova TV

The aim of the study was to determine whether the IL10 –592C>A (rs1800872) polymorphism is associated with the development of persistent oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in children from Bashkortostan, Russia. Genotyping of 107 patients with persistent oligoarticular JIA and 206 healthy controls was performed by PCR-RFLP and real-time PCR methods. The IL10 –592CC genotype frequency was significantly higher in patients with persistent oligoarticular JIA than in controls (p = 0,033). After dividing the whole groups into subgroups based on gender there was found that the IL10 –592CC genotype and the IL10 –592C allele frequencies were significantly higher only in girls with persistent oligoarticular JIA in comparison to controls (p = 0,042 и p = 0,025, correspondingly). In this study we revealed the association of the IL10 –592C>A polymorphism with the development of persistent oligoarticular JIA in children from Bashkortostan, Russia.

Received: 2015-10-09

Published online: 2017-01-05

DOI:

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VIEWS 4553