Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Issue 2, 2026

Topic Postmenopause

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Issue 3, 2025

Topic Delivery of anti-tumor pharmaceuticals

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Issue 4, 2025

Topic Chronic cerebral ischemia

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Issue 5, 2025

Topic Age-related alterations in the immune system

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Issue 6, 2025

Topic Anxiety and depressive disorders

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Issue 1, 2026

Topic Miscarriage

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PUBLICATION FEES

New articles

Gabriyanchik MA, Antonova OY, Taylakov ME, Grachev VA, Pirogov KS, Startseva OI, Kanev IL

Reconstruction of peripheral nerves remains an urgent surgical problem. Autologous nerve grafting is the gold standard for bridging nerve defects, but it is limited by the shortage of donor material, which drives interest in biocompatible polymers for artificial conduits. The aim of this study was to evaluate biocompatibility in vitro and tissue response to subcutaneous in vivo implantation of perspective microstructured materials. The cytotoxicity of porous polycaprolactone (PCL), PCL–collagen composite, fibrous PCL, and nanofibrous polyamide was assessed on L929 fibroblasts. For in vivo testing, material samples were implanted into C57BL/6 mice, and histological analysis was performed after 14 days. In vitro porous PCL exhibited the highest viability and adhesion, while fibrous PCL showed the lowest. In vivo porous PCL and nanofibrous polyamide caused minimal inflammation, whereas PCL–collagen composite and fibrous PCL induced granulomatous inflammation, macrophage infiltration, and formation of fibrous capsule. The most biocompatible materials — porous PCL and nanofibrous polyamide — show promise for a biomimetic conduit with an outer barrier shell of porous PCL and an inner aligned scaffold of polyamide nanofibers.

Received: 2026-04-14

Published online: 2026-06-12

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2026.029

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VIEWS 70

Tuluzanovskaya IG, Balashova MS, Senina OS, Sizyakova OM, Leisan kyzy Huseynova G, Mamadshoeva NM, Rozina TP, Zhuchenko NA

Wilson’s disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder (prevalence 1 : 30,000) caused by pathogenic variants in the ATP7B gene (OMIM 277900). Early diagnosis and pathogenetic therapy enable stable remission. Poor treatment adherence is the key factor adversely affecting the prognosis. This family case study has demonstrated that inadequate attitude towards therapy contributes to the progression of organ damage and increases the risk of disability and mortality. Clinical observation confirms a direct link between compliance with the treatment regimen and clinical outcomes.

Received: 2026-04-13

Published online: 2026-06-09

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2026.027

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VIEWS 81

Kunyk DA, Mazunina EP, Mukasheva EA, Ignatieva AV, Kirillova ES, Kurchenko OM, Ivanov RA, Gushchin VA, Reshetnikov VV

The high variability of the influenza virus and the limited flexibility of inactivated vaccines result in a need to develop new, more effective preventive therapeutics. The RNA platform is among the most promising ones for developing new generation vaccines against respiratory infections. The study aimed to compare the immunogenicity of two experimental therapeutics based on classic mRNA and self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) encoding the hemagglutinin (HA) of the A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus. BALB/c mice were immunized twice with the RNA-based therapeutics at a dose of 2 µg at a 21-day interval. Humoral immune responses were assessed using the hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay. After the second immunization, the geometric mean titers of antibodies against the homologous strain A/Wisconsin/588/2019 were 1 : 2281 (CI: 1 : 1319 – 1 : 3943) for the mRNA vaccine and 1 : 640 (CI: 1 : 404 – 1 : 1014) for the saRNA vaccine. Titers against the antigenically distant strain A/Victoria/4897/2022 in the mRNA group and saRNA group reached 1 : 1810 (CI: 1 : 844 – 1 : 3882) and 1 : 452 (CI: 1 : 246 – 1 : 832), respectively. These antibody titer values were considerably higher than those in the group that received the Ultrix Quadri inactivated split vaccine, which did not exceed 1 : 56 (CI: 1 : 26 – 1 : 121). Despite the higher antibody titers in the HAI assay after immunization with the classic mRNA-based vaccine compared with the saRNA-based vaccine, the differences were not statistically significant. Thus, the mRNA- and saRNA-based vaccines induce a pronounced humoral immune response, confirming that these platforms are promising for the development of new generation vaccines.

Received: 2026-04-10

Published online: 2026-06-08

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2026.028

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VIEWS 166

Gordienko II, Kornilov DO, Chernyi SP, Simarzina VM, Rasposienko DY, Slukina AE, Ivasenko MI, Vinokurov DE, Zornikov DL

Bioabsorbable Zn–Mg alloys are considered an alternative to metallic fixators, but data on their biocompatibility at low Mg content remain insufficient. Aim — to evaluate the biocompatibility of Zn–Mg alloys containing 0.5–2 wt.% Mg in vitro and in vivo. Cytotoxicity of Zn–0.5Mg and Zn–1Mg powders (0.15–2.5 mg/mL) was assessed in direct contact with SCP‑1 cells (MTT assay). In vivo, cylindrical implants of four compositions were placed bilaterally into the tibial metaphysis of rabbits (n = 4). Complete blood count was performed on day 7; computed tomography (CT) was performed at 3 and 10 months. At 2.5 mg/mL, cell viability was 12.5 ± 1.0 % (Zn–0.5Mg) and 16.8 ± 1.6% (Zn–1Mg). At 1.25 mg/mL, Zn–1Mg showed no toxicity (101.4 ± 3.3 %), whereas Zn–0.5Mg remained cytotoxic (51.3 ± 4.4 %). Recovery to > 80 % viability was observed at 0.62 mg/mL for Zn–0.5Mg and 0.31 mg/mL for Zn–1Mg. In vivo, all animals maintained normal activity; haematological parameters were within normal range. At 3 months, CT showed stable implants without signs of osteolysis. Cortical bone density was 647.3 ± 5.4 HU, trabecular bone density was 510.5 ± 6.4 HU, comparable to intact bone. At 10 months, implants remained visible. Zn–Mg alloys with 0.5–2 wt.% Mg exhibit dose‑dependent cytotoxicity in vitro and satisfactory biocompatibility in vivo without systemic inflammatory reactions or bone resorption over 10 months. The alloy with 1% Mg has a more favourable cell viability profile.

Received: 2026-05-07

Published online: 2026-06-04

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2026.026

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VIEWS 140

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Popular articles

Plotnikova MA, Oleynik VA, Klotchenko SA

Monoclonal antibody therapy is one of the most promising approaches for effective influenza control. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of exogenous mRNA-encoded single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies, which are capable of binding viral antigens inside the cell with high affinity. Two influenza virus proteins, hemagglutinin (antibody FI6) and nucleoprotein (antibody 2/3), were chosen as targets. Each scFv encoded by mRNA was produced in two variants: one containing a signal peptide (SP) to direct secretion into the extracellular space (scFv-SP) and one lacking the signal peptide (scFv-WO) for cytosolic localization and function. These variants showed distinct intracellular localization patterns: scFv-SP localized to regions characteristic of the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex, whereas scFv-WO was distributed diffusely throughout the cytoplasm. mRNAs encoding scFv-FI6-SP, scFv-2/3-SP, and scFv-2/3-WO exhibited antiviral activity against influenza A virus in vitro. The scFv-FI6-SP mRNA showed the strongest antiviral effect, reducing viral load by approximately tenfold compared to the control. For influenza B virus, both scFv-2/3 mRNA variants, with and without the signal peptide, reduced viral load by an average of 50%. These findings highlight the antiviral potential of intracellular antibodies and point to new opportunities for targeting viral components that are not accessible to conventional antiviral therapies.

Received: 2025-11-27

Published online: 2025-12-26

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.077

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VIEWS 1197

Semikina EV, Azarova YuE, Panichev SA, Basareva OI, Dzhanchatova NV, Alferova EJ, Polonikov AV

Diabetic nephropathy (DNP) is a serious complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), leading to early disability and mortality from end-stage renal failure. Experimental and clinical studies have shown the leading role of oxidative stress-induced damage to macromolecules, including DNA, in the development and progression of DNF against the background of hyperglycemia. On the contrary, repair of these DNA lesions serves as a signal to end ongoing oxidative stress. The key DNA repair enzyme is 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase, encoded by the OGG1 gene. The aim of this study was to analyze the associations of five polymorphic variants (rs2072668, rs1052133, rs293795, rs2304277, and rs6443265) of the OGG1 gene with the risk of developing DNF in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study included 1461 patients with type 2 diabetes, 577 of whom were diagnosed with DNF. DNA genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using allele-specific fluorescently labeled probes. Associations were established between the rs293795-G/G genotype (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.23-3.16, p = 0.007) and the rs2072668C-rs1052133C-rs293795G-rs2304277G-rs6443265C haplotype (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.06-1.60, p = 0.012) of the OGG1 gene with a predisposition to DNF in the background of T2D. Moreover, six OGG1 diplotypes associated with an increased risk of DNF and one diplotype associated with a reduced risk of DNF in patients with T2D were identified. Thus, in our study, we presented for the first time data on the association of the OGG1 gene polymorphism with DNF, which creates a scientific foundation for further research on the contribution of disturbances in the DNA oxidative damage repair system to the development of microvascular complications of T2D.

Received: 2025-11-21

Published online: 2025-12-24

DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2025.084

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VIEWS 1068

Special Project Author's Work

Secrets of a quality research study and a good manuscript

At the end of 2015, Bulletin of RSMU saw an important change in its typographic design and content. We formulated new editorial policies and established strict ethical standards for submitted manuscripts in accordance with the guidelines of reputable international bodies. As a result, about a quarter of the submitted works have been rejected, the primary reason being the author trying to submit a previously published article. Sometimes authors believe that by making slight changes to the introduction, excluding a few people from the study, performing a new statistical analysis, and thus obtaining totally new results they will turn their old manuscript into a novel work. That is why we would like to talk about scientific integrity, honesty, plagiarism, and self-plagiarism in our special project “Author’s work”.

American physicist Richard P. Feynman, a Nobel laureate, was always very scrupulous about the quality of a research study. During his commencement address at the California Institute of Technology in 1974, he talked about scientific integrity and honesty and warned young researchers “not to fool” themselves. A must-read for anyone who believes he/she is a true scientist.

In 1918, Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov, a Nobel laureate, delivered two lectures: on the mind in general and the Russian mind in particular; on those mind qualities that determine the success of a research work and on how these qualities are present in the Russian mind. Pavlov's thoughts are an effective vaccine against poor intellectual work.