ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Immunohistochemical expression of Nanog protein in prostate cancer cells of distinct grade groups
1 Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
2 Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
3 Hospital for War Veterans № 2, Moscow, Russia
Correspondence should be addressed: Georgy Yu. Kudryavtsev
Baikalskaya, 35, apt. 216, Moscow, 107207; ur.liam@ahsogk
Compliance with ethical standards: the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Medical Institute of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (protocol № 13 dated December 19, 2019); the study design was consistent with the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines regarding the research involving identifiable human tissue samples. The informed consent was submitted by all patients.
Author contribution: Kudryavtsev GYu, Kudryavtsevа YaYu, Solovyeva NA — literature survey, manuscript writing; Kudryavtseva LV, Osipov VA — statistical data processing; Mikhaleva LM — sample collection and processing; Babichenko II — study concept and design.
- Kaprin АD, Starinskiy VV, Petrova GV, editors. Malignant tumors in Russia in 2018 (morbidity and fatality). Мoscow: FGBU «Moskovskiy nauchno-issledovatel’skiy onkologicheskiy institute im. P.A. Gertsena» — filial FGBU «Natsional’nyy meditsinskiy issledovatel’skiy radiologicheskiy tsentr» Minzdrava Rossii, 2019; 250 p. Russian.
- Zhou CK, Check DP, Lortet-Tieulent J, Laversanne M, Jemal A, Ferlay J, et al. Prostate cancer incidence in 43 populations worldwide: аn analysis of time trends overall and by age group. Int J Cancer. 2016; 138 (6): 1388–400.
- Heidegger I, Heidenreich A, Pfister D. New biomarkers for selecting the best therapy regimens in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Target Oncol. 2017; 12 (1): 37–45.
- Horner MJ, Ries LAG, Krapcho M, Neyman N, Aminou R, Howlader N, et al (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975- 2006, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD. Available from: http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2006/
- Bell KJL, Del Mar C, Wright G, Dickinson J, Glasziou P. Prevalence of incidental prostate cancer: а systematic review of autopsy studies. Int J Cancer. 2015; 137 (7): 1749–57.
- Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Miller D, Bishop K, Altekruse SF, et al. SEER Cancer Statistics Review 1975-2013 National Cancer Institute SEER Cancer Statistics Review 1975-2013, National Cancer Institute. National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, 2016. Available from: https://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2014/.
- Thompson IM, Pauler DK, Goodman PJ, et al. Prevalence of Prostate Cancer among Men with a Prostate-Specific Antigen Level ≤ 4.0 ng per Milliliter. N Engl J Med. 2004; 350 (22): 2239–46.
- Kreso A, Dick JE. Evolution of the cancer stem cell model. Cell Stem Cell. 2014; 14 (3): 275–91. DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2014.02.006.
- Aguilar-Gallardo C, Simón C. Cells, stem cells, and cancer stem cells. Seminars in Reproductive Medicine. 2013; 31 (01): 005– 013. DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1331792.
- Bonnet D, Dick JE. Human acute myeloid leukemia is organized as a hierarchy that originates from a primitive hematopoietic cell. Nat Med. 1997; 3: 730–7. DOI: 10.1038/nm0797-730.
- Chambers I, Colby D, Robertson M, Nichols J, Lee S, Tweedie S, Smith A. Functional expression cloning of Nanog, a pluripotency sustaining factor in embryonic stem cells. Cell. 2003; 113: 643– 55. PubMed PMID: 12787505.
- Mitsui K, Tokuzawa Y, Itoh H, et al. The homeoprotein Nanog is required for maintenance of pluripotency in mouse epiblast and ES cells. Cell. 2003; 113: 631–42.
- Gawlik-Rzemieniewska N, Bednarek I. The role of NANOG transcriptional factor in the development of malignant phenotype of cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther. 2015; 17 (1): 1–10. DOI:10.108 0/15384047.2015.1121348.
- Boiani M, Scholer HR. Regulatory networks in embryo-derived pluripotent stem cells. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2005; 6: 872–84.
- Gong S, Li Q, Jeter CR, Fan Q, Tang DG, Liu B. Regulation of NANOG in cancer cells. Mol Carcinog. 2015; 54 (9): 679–87. DOI: 10.1002/mc.22340.
- Hirsch FR, Varella-Garcia M, Bunn PA, et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor in non-small-cell lung carcinomas: correlation between gene copy number and protein expression and impact on prognosis. J Clin Oncol. 2003; 21 (20): 3798–807.
- Batlle E, Clevers H. Cancer stem cells revisited. Nat Med. 2017; 23 (10): 1124–34. DOI:10.1038/nm.4409.
- Zhang J, Espinoza LA, Kinders RJ, et al. NANOG modulates stemness in human colorectal cancer. Oncogene. 2013 Sep 12; 32 (37): 4397–405.
- Niu CS, Li DX, Liu YH, Fu XM, Tang SF, Li J. Expression of NANOG in human gliomas and its relationship with undifferentiated glioma cells. Oncol Rep. 2011; 26 (3): 593–601.
- Ibrahim EE, Babaei-Jadidi R, Saadeddin A, et al. Embryonic NANOG activity defines colorectal cancer stem cells and modulates through AP1- and TCF-dependent mechanisms. Stem Cells. 2012; 30 (10): 2076–87.
- Grubelnik G, Boštjančič E, Pavlič A, Kos M, Zidar N. NANOG expression in human development and cancerogenesis. Exp Biol Med. 2020; 245 (5): 456–64.
- Chiou SH, Yu CC, Huang CY, et al. Positive correlations of Oct- 4 and Nanog in oral cancer stem-like cells and high-grade oral squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2008; 14 (13): 4085–95.
- Gillis AJ, Stoop H, Biermann K, et al. Expression and interdependencies of pluripotency factors LIN28, OCT3/4, NANOG and SOX2 in human testicular germ cells and tumours of the testis. Int J Androl. 2011; 34 (4 Pt 2): e160–e174.
- Chiou SH, Wang ML, Chou YT, et al. Coexpression of oct4 and nanog enhances malignancy in lung adenocarcinoma by inducing cancer stem cell-like properties and epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation. Cancer Res. 2010; 70 (24): 10433–4.
- Han J, Zhang F, Yu M, et al. RNA interference-mediated silencing of NANOG reduces cell proliferation and induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 2012; 321 (1): 80–8.
- Choi SC, Choi JH, Park CY, Ahn CM, Hong SJ, Lim DS. Nanog regulates molecules involved in stemness and cell cycle-signaling pathway for maintenance of pluripotency of P19 embryonal carcinoma stem cells. J Cell Physiol. 2012; 227 (11): 3678–92.