ISSN Print 2500–1094
ISSN Online 2542–1204
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)
Copyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee: Pirogov University.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY).
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY).
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Determination of the rate of autoantibody carrier state in patients with celiac disease by mono- and multiplex immunoassay
About authors
1 Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
2 Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Centre, Moscow, Russia
3 Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Correspondence should be addressed: Nurana F. Nuralieva
Dmitriya Ulyanova, 11, Moscow, 117292, Russia; ur.xednay@anarunn
About paper
Funding: the study was supported by the Foundation for Scientific and Technological Development of Yugra (No. 2023-571-05/2023).
Author contribution: Nuralieva NF — literature review, study concept and design, patient assessment, material collection, laboratory testing, analysis and interpretation of the results, manuscript writing; Yukina MYu — literature review, study concept and design, patient assessment, material collection, laboratory testing, analysis and interpretation of the results, manuscript writing and editing; Bykova SV — patient assessment, material collection, manuscript editing; Savvateeva EN — literature review, study concept and design; laboratory microarray testing; analysis and interpretation of the results; Kulagina EV, Nikankina LV — laboratory testing (ELISA); Shaskolskiy BL — analysis of the autoantibody multiplex testing results; Gryadunov DA — study concept and design; manuscript editing; Troshina EA — manuscript editing.
Compliance with ethical standards: the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Endocrinology Research Centre (protocol No. 14 dated 29 July 2022). All the patients and conditionally healthy individuals submitted the informed consent to participation in the study.
Received: 2025-04-02
Accepted: 2025-04-16
Published online: 2025-04-23
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Fig. 1. Classification and regression tree (CART). Each terminal node of the tree (leaf) contains the name of the identified class (here: 1, 2, 3), likelihood of being diagnosed with celiac disease (here: 0.00, 0.33, 0.92), share of patients in the class relative to the entire sample (here: 19%, 21%, 60%)
Fig. 2. Distribution of patients across the classes based on the fact of being diagnosed with celiac disease in the form of the column а) and mosaic b) charts. The corresponding classes are designated by numbers in pentagons
Table 1. Levels of antibodies assessed by enzyme-linked immunoassay and the rate of elevated Abs in groups 1 and 2
Note: * — Mann–Whitney U-test. Threshold р0 = 0.004 (after applying Bonferroni correction: 14 comparisons). * * — Chi-squared test and Yates's Chi-squared test. Threshold р0 = 0.004 (after applying Bonferroni correction: 14 comparisons). * * * — Median value, [Q1; Q3] Note: TPO — thyroid peroxidase; TG — thyroglobulin; GAD — glutamate decarboxylase; ICA — pancreatic islet cell antibodies; IA2 — tyrosine phosphatase; Р450с21 — 21-hydroxylase, TGM2 — tissue transglutaminase.
Table 2. Values of the microarray element signals corresponding to the levels of studied Abs obtained by multiplex immunoassay and the rate of elevated Abs in groups 1 and 2
Note: * — Mann–Whitney U-test. Threshold р0 = 0.003 (after applying Bonferroni correction: 16 comparisons). * * — Chi-squared test and Yates's Chi-squared test. Threshold р0 = 0.003 (after applying Bonferroni correction: 16 comparisons). * * * — Median value, [Q1; Q3] Note: TPO — thyroid peroxidase; TG — thyroglobulin; GAD — glutamate decarboxylase; ICA — pancreatic islet cell antibodies; IA2 — tyrosine phosphatase; Р450с21 — 21-hydroxylase; IFN — interferon; IL-22 — interleukin 22, TGM2 — tissue transglutaminase
Table 3. Distribution of patients across the classes depending on the signals acquired using microarrays and the fact of being diagnosed with celiac disease
Table 4. Results of pairwise comparison of classes
Note: * — Bonferroni adjusted p-value.
