Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

Ozolinya LA, Pravednikov NN, Ovsepyan NR

The article describes the current understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of pelvic inflammatory diseases in women. Particular attention is paid to the immunological mechanisms, in particular the participation of cytokines in the development and maintenance of the inflammatory process. There are also described the features of the clinical manifestations of pelvic inflammatory diseases in the current conditions in comparison with those of 30 years ago, as well as the methods of treatment for this group of patients which are used in the modern practice of gynecology, including the use of anticytokine drugs.

Received: 2013-03-12

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Trofimova OP, Tkachev SI, Khailenko VA, Kubasova IYu

The results of numerous Russian and foreign research confirming the need for radiation therapy after organ-conserving surgery of patients with early-stage breast cancer are presented in the article. Radiation therapy significantly reduces the incidence of locoregional recurrence. Various techniques of radiotherapy are described — irradiation of the rest of the breast, additional irradiation of tumor bed, accelerated partial breast radiation.

Received: 2013-03-06

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Alipov NN, Dyakonova IN, Kuznetsova TE

In the present review the story of ICNS concept evolution, current notions of its structure and function and data on nervous coordination of the heart, in which ICNS can play a major role, are discussed. For today the doctrine of intracardiac nervous system experiences the second birth. It is shown that the ICNS contains a huge number of neurons with diverse activity patterns, forming local networks and releasing diverse neurotransmitters, thus being an autonomic integrative center. The opinion that the discovery of the ICNS functions and the term «intracardiac nervous system» itself belongs to North-American authors becomes increasingly widespread in literature. Actually, the detailed study of the ICNS was carried out in 1960–1980 by the groups headed by G. I. Kositsky and M. G. Udelnov and belongs to uncontestable Russian priorities.

Received: 2013-02-12

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Poryadin GV, Vlasov AP, Anaskin SG, Potyanova IV, Turygina SA

The purpose of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of an antioxidant therapy on systemic distress damages of oxidative character on the model of an acute destructive pancreatitis. It was studied the functional and metabolic state of the intestine, liver, kidneys in dogs against the antioxidant therapy. The use of the antioxidant emoxipin prevents the excessive activity of lipid peroxidation in blood plasma, tissue structures of the lesion organ (pancreas) and target organs (intestines, liver, kidneys), which determines the restoration of their functional status, preventing the progression of lesions. As a result, the correction of homeostasis disorders takes place, in particular reduction of endogenous intoxication and a decrease of inflammatory process in a pancreas.

Received: 2014-02-13

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Popov IN, Levin G, Anosov AK, Markin AA, Morukov BV

An important feature of the living objects in distinction to the non-living matter is their ability to actively protect themselves from the uncontrolled oxidation. For this, living objects have a complex multi-component antioxidant system. The imbalance between the pro- and anti-oxidation processes in an organism leads to the development of a pathology named as an oxidative stress. This pathology is observed in many human and animal diseases of different origin and apparently it mediates the process of aging. Timely detection of oxidative stress enables to interrupt it and to prevent the development of undesirable consequences. This review focuses on the description of the components of the antioxidant system of an organism and of the new estimation methods of the effectiveness of antioxidant protection in tissues and organs.

Received: 2013-04-04

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Agafonova LE, Shumkov AA, Shumyantseva VV, Archakov AI

The aim of the study was to develop new approaches for rapid and sensitive screening of cardiac troponin I in plasma. In this paper we developed a gravimetric and electrochemical immunosensors with experimental detection limits of cardiac troponin I in plasma: 0.4 ng/mL (17 pM) and 0.1 ng/mL (4 pM), which corresponds to the physiological level of cardiac marker in plasma for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. The kinetics of highly specific interactions between the monoclonal antibody of cardiac troponin I and cardiac troponin I were also investigated by quartz crystal microbalance in real time, without multiple labeling procedures and multi-step process of immobilization of antibodies on a gold electrode, and secondary antibody staining.

Received: 2013-03-22

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Kopenkin SS, Skoroglyadov AV

The article is devoted to the history of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Battle-Field Surgery of N.I.Pirogov RNRMU. There were described the basic directions of scientific, medical, educational activities of the team for 80 years, and the results achieved. The prospects of the Department's work under modern conditions are considered.

Received: 2013-06-17

Published online: 2017-01-05

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Polunina NV, Levchuk IP, Shimanovskii NL, Ashanina NM, Kurochka AV

In an innovative education the most effective means of controlling the assimilation of theoretical knowledge is a computer testing. By participating in the production of accrediting teaching measurement materials as part of the competition announced by National Accreditation Agency in the Field of Education, the departments of public health and healthcare and emergency medicine of RNRMU named after N. I. Pirogov mastered the technique of the development of test items for the test control in their disciplines. The methodology includes two main parts: the preparation of the content structure of the discipline and the development of the standardized test items. There should be ensured stylistic requirements and pedagogical equivalence of tasks. Prospects for the development of innovative forms of the educational process are largely dependent on the degree of use of computer-based testing, including a remote one.

Received: 2012-10-09

Published online: 2017-01-05

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