Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Bogomilsky MR, Radtsig EYu, Degtyareva DV

Objective methods of research are widely used for the diagnosis of various origins dysphonia. Over the last decades there has been a steady increase in the number of children with these conditions. Acoustic analysis provides the basic data for the evaluation of voice. This study can be used as a screening method to identify the pathology of the larynx. Acoustic voice analysis data are irreplaceable in the differential diagnosis of various diseases, as well as in monitoring the quality of the treatment.

Received: 2013-04-22

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4634

Sapozhnikov YaM, Minasyan VS, Mkhitaryan AS

On the basis of the examination of 264 children aged from 1 to 3 years after the acute otitis media, the survey algorithm was developed with the use of modern audiological and endoscopic equipment. It allows timely and accurately to determine the causes leading to the acute otitis media and hearing loss associated with the pathology of nasophariynx. It makes it possible to choose the optimum treatment regimen in each particular case, eliminating further development of persistent hearing loss and to minimize the need for bypass surgery of the tympanic cavity, and to ensure the harmonious speech development of a child.

Received: 2013-03-11

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4409

Alipov NN, Antonov IS, Alipova VN, Belyakova-Bodina AI, Kuznetsova TE, Sergeeva OV, Gordeev SA, Kovrov GV, Posokhov SI

The relationships between various heart rate variability indices and score values on the Wein autonomic state scale were studied in 32 students of 18–25 years old. No evident significant correlation was obtained between either of listed indices and score values. This calls into question the use of heart rate variability parameters in the quantitative estimation of systemic autonomic state as well as in identification of autonomic dysfunction and determination of its severity. These results also indicate that the general autonomic dysfunction is not always associated with the overexertion of the adaptation mechanisms.

Received: 2013-03-29

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4442

Lipatova VA, Botchey VM, Pistsova TV, Fedoseev VA, Klochkova AV, Belyakov VK, Sukhenko EP, Suslov VB, Vasilenko IA, Rumyantseva SA, Oettinger AP, Kutsev SI

There was conducted an electron microscopy of myocardial samples in mice after extended oral administration of gold nanoparticles with the aim of investigation of the effect of gold nanoparticles with a diameter of 2 nm to myocardial ultrastructure. It was shown that oral administration of gold nanoparticles even in the minimal tested dose (10 mg/ml) already at the early stages of the experiment (7 days) leads to a moderately pronounced cytotoxic effect with ultrastructural changes in all components of the myocardium. The severity of degenerative changes increased with the extension of the experiment, but the rough myocardial damage (necrosis) was not found at any time of the observation. There were described at unltractructural level changes in microcirculation, interstitium and cardiomyocytes, depending on the concentration of the administered drug and the phase of the experiment. Described degenerative changes in the myocardium caused by the introduction of gold nanoparticles can lead to morphological and functional failure of the heart.

Received: 2013-04-16

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4506

Zhuravleva OA, Markin AA, Morukov BV, Kuzichkin DS, Zabolotskaya IV, Vostrikova LV

In the blood plasma of 35 crew members, who completed expeditions to the International space station cystatin C concentration was investigated in pre- and postflight periods. Applying Hawk's formula, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated. After short-term flights (from 9 to 13 days) the cosmonouts (group 1) revealed no changes in the level of cystatin C in the blood plasma and magnitude of GFR. In cosmonauts aged 35–48 years after the flights with duration from 134 to 215 days (group 2), on the 14th day of the recovery period the level of cystatin C increased by 8%, and GFR decreased proportionally compared to the preflight values (p <0.05). In the members of the crew over the age of 50 years who participated in expeditions lasting from 134 to 198 days (group 3) a significant increase in the concentration of cystatin C in plasma and a reduced GFR was observed in all survey periods, beginning from the 1st day of the recovery period, and in the dynamics of the re-adaptation those changes were more pronounced than in the cosmonauts under 50 years of age.

Received: 2013-02-12

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4227

Milushkina OYu

The study of the physical development of pupils in the last 50 years has allowed to establish some features of the formation of morphological and functional parameters of schoolchildren. The studies were conducted by longitudinal and transverse methods, contributing to the more detailed analysis of the results. Questionnaire method studied lifestyle of Moscow students and the factors that influence the physical capacity of adolescents. The practical results of the study were updated standards of physical development of pupils and modern standards of functional characteristics.

Received: 2012-10-16

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4387

Belonocosov DA, Lebedeva AYu, Gordeev IG

The role of inflammation in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases has been studied for decades. However, the start of use of endovascular methods in the treatment of coronary heart disease changed the approach to the problem. Barotrauma of coronary arteries, subintimal haemorrhage, endothelial dysfunction, cellular and molecular mechanisms of inflammation are among the key factors affecting the neointima formation and occurrence of restenosis at the site of intervention. In this review there are considered the basics of pathophysiology of inflammation after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) as well as existing and researched approaches to the anti-inflammatory therapy in the group of patients with coronary heart disease.

Received: 2013-08-02

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4650

Dontsov AV

The purpose of the study was to examine gender-specific hormonal profile of CHD patients with metabolic syndrome. There were examined 147 patients with chronic coronary heart disease (mean age 56.9 ± 5.3 years), 63 of them were with metabolic syndrome, 84 — were without it. The control group consisted of 80 healthy volunteers. There were established gender-specific hormonal features of patients with metabolic syndrome, consisting of the higher values of the basal secretion of leptin, insulin, ACTH and cortisol in women. The identified differences may be associated with a greater severity of abdominal obesity in women as the main component of the metabolic syndrome.

Received: 2013-09-02

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4335