Bulletin of RSMU

ISSN Print 2500–1094 ISSN Online 2542–1204

Bulletin of RSMU

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Miroshnichenko IV, Stolpnikova VN, Levashova TV, Sorokina EA, Toporova SG

The aim of the study was to determine the markers and the stages of the immunosenescence. The data of flowing polychrome cytometry of 155 patients at the age of 80–89 years (group 1) and 276 patients at the age of 90–104 years (group 2) were analyzed. Immunograms were picked with homogeneous quantitative changes helper CD4+, cytotoxic CD8+ and activated CD3+HLA-DR+ T-cells. The average absolute values of indices with the analogous type of deviations from the standard did not depend on the age. However in the 2nd group persons with immunodeficiency were identified more often (80 ± 5 %) and less with activation of immunity (20 ± 5 %), than in the 1st group (33.5 ± 7.5 % and 66.5 ± 7.5 %, accordingly). It was assumed that the change of types of deviations from the standard reflects the sequential stages of natural immunosenescence, associated with quantitative CD4+ and/or CD8+ deficiency. Possibly the immune inflammation stimulates the accelerated aging against this background.

Received: 2014-05-30

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 5253

Lysenko EP, Potapenko AYa

Psoralens combined with UVA-irradiation (320–400 nm) are used for the treatment of skin and autoimmune diseases (PUVA-therapy). One possible mechanism of therapeutic and side phototoxic effects of PUVA-therapy can be realized through the stage of formation of psoralen photooxidation products (POP-products). In the present paper, the mechanisms of formation of two types of POP-products are discussed. POP1-products are predominantly formed in solutions at low psoralen concentration and/or under low fluence rate of UVA-irradiation. These POPi-products possess immunosuppressive activity and are detected by spin trap EPR method. POP2-products are formed under high fluence rate of UVA-irradiation and/or at high psoralen concentration. They possess hemolytic activity and are detected by Fe(ll)-induced chemiluminescence. The influence of Fe(ll)-ions on POP-induced membranotoxic effects is discussed.

Received: 2014-06-06

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4928

Titov KS, Demidov LV, Shubina Izh, Khaylenko VA, Kiselevskiy MV, Vikhrova AS

The study evaluated clinical efficacy and safety of the use of cells antitumor immunotherapy methods — vaccines based on autologic dendritic and allogenic LAK-cells in combination with recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2). The clinical study involved cancer patients with skin melanoma of grades III-IV and patients with metastatic effusions resistant to systemic chemotherapy. The data led to the conclusion of safety, immune competence and reasonable effectiveness of DC-based vaccines in therapeutic and prophylactic schemes in patients with skin melanoma. The results showed that intra-cavity IL-2/LAK-immunotherapy was highly effective and well tolerated in treatment of patients with metastatic effusions.

Received: 2014-02-06

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 5132

Makarov OV, Morozova KV, Goncharova VS, Lutsenko NN

Miscarriage still occupies a leading place among the main problems of medicine. In recent decades, special attention is paid to the system of genetic predictors of miscarriage. Special ferments are responsible for catecholamines exchange in the body, one of which is the catechol-o-methyltransferase, functional activity of which is genetically determined. DNA excision reparation system with the participation of the enzyme 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase maintains the original structure of DNA, which is very important for the homeostasis of the organism. In our study we conducted genotyping of 274 patients for the presence of polymorphism of rs4680 gene COMT and polymorphism of rs1052133 gene OGG1 and determined their impact on the course of pregnancy. It was found that carriage of A/A and G/A rs4680 genotypes of COMT gene and G/G and C/G rs1052133 genotypes of OGG1 gene was associated with an increased risk of miscarriage.

Received: 2014-01-15

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 5033

Nasyrova NI, Ozolinya LA, Borisova MS, Askerova NG

The article presents a review of literature on the use of the «Da Vinci» surgical robot when conducting gynecological and oncogynecological surgeries. The experience of a few authorial collectives which have analyzed the use of robot assisted surgeries concerning the endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, hysteromyoma and the tubal pathology is discussed and compared to the similar surgeries performed without a robot by a laparoscopic or laparotomic access. The results of the comparative analysis have shown that the use of the robotics significantly improves the quality of the surgery and there is a decrease in loss of blood, pain syndrome during the postsurgical period as well as the time spent in the in-patient department. On the other hand, without proper experience the duration of the surgery becomes longer and the cost of the surgery goes up, considering the high cost of the materials used. However, as noted by the authors, after fifty successfully performed operations conducted by the robot their duration reduces and becomes comparable with the traditional operations, and the cost of the materials used is going to go down in the near future. That is why this method of surgical treatment in gynaecology considered as a progressive and perspective one.

Received: 2014-01-20

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 5087

Melentyev IA, Vershinin AA, Melentyev AS, Malygina NA, Kostomarova IV

Depending on the insertion-deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme and Hindlll DNA polymorphism of lipoprotein lipase gene there were studied the clinical course of coronary heart disease and five-year survival of patients after an exacerbation of the disease. It was found that the most important genetic predictors of short- and long-term adverse outcomes of acute ischemic heart disease are the genotype H+H+ of lipoprotein lipase gene, DD genotype of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and the combination of these genotypes.

Received: 2014-05-26

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 5445

Badamshina GG, Karimova LK, Timasheva GV, Bakirov AB

A complex clinical-hygienic study in employees of a petrochemical complex for the production of synthetic resins was conducted. The main hazardous factor in the working environment under the study was a chemical production factor which was represented by 2–3 class hazards. In general, the working conditions were closely matched to class 3.3 according to the level of a chemical factor. The priority classes of chronic non-infectious diseases among petrochemical workers revealed statistical evidence for association of the disease with the work, characterizing the professional risk to the health of the workers.

Received: 2013-11-11

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4966

Gimranova GG, Bakirov AB, Karimova LK, Beygul NA, Shaykhlislamova ER

We have assessed occupational risks among oil extraction workers using hygienic and medico-biological criteria. In modern oil extraction enterprises, a complex of work environment and work process factors includes occupational noise, vibration, hazardous chemicals impact, outdoor air negative indicators, work severity and intensity. Working conditions in certain occupations are characterized by a combination of predominating factors. Their intensity is of class 3 (1-4 degree) hazards. The presence of hazardous factors leads to the development of occupational and work-related diseases among workers. The highest health occupational risk level is detected in drillers, assistant drillers, operators of major, underground drill hole repairs, and machine operators. Optimization measures for occupational risk management have been developed.

Received: 2013-11-11

Published online: 2017-01-05

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VIEWS 4810